Exam 1
Exam 2
Exam 3
Exam 4
Random
100
Most cellular characteristics, such as structure and function, are a result of the synthesis and activity of different ______
Proteins
100
How many amino acids are encoded by the following mRNA regions:
5'GCCACCAUGGGC3'
4
100
For a certain trait, a heterozygous individual has a selective advantage over a homozygous dominant or homozygous recessive individual. This is called ______
Overdominance
100
The type of regulation that regulates Lac Operon Transcription based on the presence/absence of glucose is called:
Positive inducible
100
DNA polymerases add new nucleotides to which end of a growing daughter strand?
3' end
200
The 5' to 3' directionality of a DNA molecule is based on the numbering of ____________
Deoxyribose Carbons
200
A functional eukaryotic protein is typically made up of the information encoded by what region of pre-mRNA?
Exons
200
Genes A, B, C and D show the following recombination rates: 10% for A and B, 25% for B and C, 50% for C and D. Which genes are without a doubt linked?
Genes A, B and C
200
In the absence of any other mutations, what specifically would likely result from a loss-of-function mutation in a DNA-repair gene
An increase in mutation rate
200
In a certain family pedigree, you observe that 7 (girls and boys) of a couple's 12 children display a disease trait. In the subsequent generation, some of the children of affected individuals have the disease, but none of the children of two unaffected parents do. You conclude that the disease is caused by an ________ allele.
Autosomal dominant
300
The purine bases are ___ and ______
Adenine and guanine
300
What phase of the cell cycle is when sister chromatids are produced?
S phase
300
What phenotypic ratios are expected for a mating between two fruit flies with identical genotypes (Bicoid +/-) and where Bicoid is a maternal effect gene?
100% Bicoid +
300
Gene A exists as 2 alleles in a population: A and a. Determine the frequency for genotype Aa given a frequency of 0.4 for allele a.
0.48
300
Given the following sequence of genes on a chromosome, determine what change in chromosome structure occurred. The asterisk (*) indicates the centromere.
Before: A B C D * E F G H
After: A B G F E * D C H
Inversion
400
The fact that the type R and S strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae that Griffith worked with possessed differences in capsule structure satisfies what criteria for genetic material?
Variation
400
What is the most likely pattern of inheritance for the human disease expressed in this pedigree?
X-linked dominant
400
R and r represent dominant and recessive alleles, respectively, for a gene that is maternally imprinted, what two genotypes would you mate to get a result of 1:1 dominant and recessive phenotypes in the offspring?
Any female genotype x an Rr male
400
The following parameters describe a particular population: allele frequencies are A=0.7 and a=0.3; fitness values are 1, 1 and 0.4 for genotypes AA, Aa and aa, respectively. What is the mean fitness of this population?
0.946
400
Gene A exists as 2 alleles in a population: A and a. The a allele is recessive and causes a disease in 9% of that population (=0.09). What is the frequency of heterozygote carriers?
0.42
500
In Avery, Macleod and McCarty's experiment, one of the treatments used a mixture of Type R cells, Type S DNA abstract and DNase. What result was obtained (i.e did the bacteria grow after this treatment)? Why was DNase used in this treatment?
Result: no bacteria grew on the culture plate.
DNase was used to get rid of the DNA present in the type-S DNA extract. Had transformation been successful, it would have shown that something else than DNA was the transforming factor.
500
Predict the phenotypic ratios of the offspring of a cross between flies with Xw/Xw+ and Xw+/Y genotypes. the w+ allele codes for red eyes and is dominant. The w allele codes for white eyes and is recessive
3 red : 1 white
All of the females will have red eyes and half of the males will have white eyes.
500
A male inherited a deletion of SNRPN from this mother (maternally imprinted gene involved in Prader-Willi syndrome). Does he express the disease phenotype? Explain why
No, because the allele he inherited from this mother is silenced
500
What molecular biology assay/technique should be used to assay Down syndrome (trisomy 21)? Name the technique and briefly describe the result expected for an affected- vs non-affected patient.
In situ hybridization
This technique uses a florescent RNA probe to locate a gene in a genome in order to visualize the presence and location of a gene.
An affected patient would have the extra 21 chromosome illuminated in the cell.
A non-affected patient would not have any illumination as the probe would have nothing to bind to.
500
You have isolated what appears to be extraterrestrial DNA. While studying its replication, you preformed the exact experiment Meselon and Stahl did. After two generations, the DNA is subjected to a CsCl gradient centrifugation and one band appears. What type of replication does this DNA undergo?
Dispersive