Public Health/Medical Eduction/Hospital
This diagnostic tool was initially considered a medical curiosity before becoming a necessity within the modernized hospital
What is the x-ray machine?
Although penicillin was discovered in this year, the Tuskegee Study of Untreated Syphilis persisted from 1932 to 1972, only ending when a whistleblower gave information on the study to newspapers
What is 1928?
This drug, the first chemotherapy, replaced mercury as a treatment for syphilis in the 20th century
What is Salvarsan?
This president did not utter the phrase "AIDS" until 1985, four years after doctors began noticing unusual infections in gay men in cities like Los Angeles and New York City
Who is Ronald Reagan?
BONUS: Your GSI, Lydia, is this many years old (hint: it's a significant number in the world of US health insurance)
What is 26?
This educator published a report in 1910 suggesting that
Who is Abraham Flexner?
This biologist, who redefined eugenics as science to better humans through breeding, founded the Eugenics Record Office in 1910
Who is Charles Davenport?
Frederick Banting discovered this drug at the University of Toronto in 1921.
What is insulin?
As a result of the Women's Health Movement's emphasis on low-tech & do-it-yourself interventions, some women began practicing these at home
What are self-examinations with plastic speculums?
This 1917 European revolution fueled anti-compulsory healthcare sentiment in the United States
What is the Russian Revolution?
This procedure came to be performed at higher rates in the United States as childbirth was medicalized because it was easier for doctors to schedule
What is a c-section?
The French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarcke argued that environment produces habits that can become this
What is hereditary?
This act, passed in 1906, "prohibited interstate commerce in misbranded and adulterated foods, drinks and drugs"
What is the Pure Food and Drug Act?
The Women's Health Movement and AIDS Movement were characterized by this kind of expertise
What is "lay knowledge"?
This organization passed a resolution in 1920 that opposed "any plan embodying the system of compulsory contributory insurance" by the federal government
What is the American Medical Association (AMA)?
These four new functions of the hospital mark the modernization of the institution
What are surgery, nursing, medical education, and new technologies?
The first wave of sterilization laws took place between these years
What is 1907 to 1913?
This class of antibiotics, along with the emergence of other "magic bullets," helped encourage unprecedented trust in medicine in the mid-20th century
What are sulfa drugs?
The ACT UP Treatment and Data Committee and protests outside the FDA and NIH advocated for these two changes to AIDS treatment
What are a shortened drug approval process and no more double-blind placebo trials?
This 1950 agreement between the United Auto Workers and General Motors set the precedent for the expansion of employer-based private health insurance in the post-WWII era
What is the "Treaty of Detroit"?
This procedure made hospital birth attractive to middle-class women and was incredibly popular as other practices had increasingly shifted childbirth from a "delicate natural process" to a "surgical procedure"
What is "twilight sleep"?
A 1924 Virginia sterilization law was upheld by the Supreme Court in this famous 1927 case
This 1962 amendment expanded the FDA's power of regulation & enforcement, made it so that all drugs had to be tested on animals, and required clinical trials run by experts to prove safety and efficacy
What is the Kefauver-Harris Amendment?
This activist organization was founded in Philadelphia in 1985 by Black nurse Rashidah Hassan
What is Blacks Educating Blacks About Sexual Health Issues (BEBASHI)?
Under this model, general tax income funds healthcare and every citizen is automatically covered
What is the Beveridge model?