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Foundations of the Nervous System
Action Potentials of a Neuron
Divisions of the brain
Sensory, motor, cranial nerves
Autonomic NS and reflexes
100
Spinal nerves and cranial nerves belong to this major division of the nervous system

Peripheral nervous system

100

-70mV

What is resting membrane potential
100

The lobe responsible for motor planning, personality, logical reasoning, and home to the precentral gyrus

What is the frontal lobe

100

This sensory receptor for hearing is located in the cochlear duct

What is the Spiral organ or Organ of Corti

100

Cell bodies of this division are located in the lateral horns of T1-L1/L2

What is the Sympathetic/thoracolumbar division

200

The somatic motor system has this type of effector

What is skeletal muscle

200

A sudden influx of sodium across the neuron's plasma membrane large enough to surpass the threshold, results in this

What is depolarization

200

This lobe processes visual sensory information

What is the occipital lobe

200
Cell bodies of afferent sensory fibers are located here

What is the dorsal root ganglion

200

Cell bodies of this division are located in the brainstem and sacral region of the spinal cord

What is the parasympathetic nervous system

300

This star-shaped glial cell supports neurons and helps form the blood-brain barrier

What is an astrocyte

300

Voltage gated sodium channels are CLOSED and voltage gated potassium channels are OPEN during this phase of an action potential

What is repolarization

300

The structure helps maintain balance and coordination, learning complex tasks, and fine motor coordination

What is the cerebellum

300

Upper motor neurons travel from the motor cortex to synapse with this type of neuron in the spinal cord

What is a lower motor neuron

300
The withdrawal reflex causes ___ of the flexors and __ of the extensors

What is contraction (flexors); relaxation (extensors)

400

A presynaptic neuron, neurotransmitters, synaptic cleft, and a postsynaptic neuron form this type of synapse

What is a chemical synapse

400

This active transport mechanism is active to maintain resting membrane potential

What is the sodium potassium pump

400

This structure contains several cranial nerve nuclei that process functions necessary for survival

What is the brainstem
400
The lower motor neuron causes contraction of the skeletal muscle at this junction

What is the neuromuscular junction

400

All preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons are ___ and release the NT _____

What is cholinergic; acetylcholine

500
Cardiac muscle and smooth muscle are target effectors of which division of the nervous system

What is the autonomic nervous system

500
Membrane potential is regulated primarily by these two ions

What are sodium and potassium

500

This structure helps remember day-to-day tasks, dates such as birthdays and anniversaries, and converts short term memories into long ones

What is the hippocampus

500

The cranial nerve that is responsible for cutaneous sensation to the face and motor to the muscles of mastication

What is the trigeminal nerve

500
Sensory receptor, sensory neuron, interneuron, motor neuron, and effector make up this

What is a reflex arc