Semester 1
Unit 4: The Periodic Table and Atoms
Unit 4: Bonds and Reactions
Unit 5: Speed, Velocity, and Acceleration
Unit 6: Newton's Laws of Motion
100
What is meant by the phrase, "Survival of the Fittest"?
Survival of the fittest mean that the organisms that are the most fit, or best suited, for their environment will survive and reproduce more often than those that do not.
100
How is the periodic table of elements organized?
It is organized based upon similar properties of the elements.
100
How are endothermic and exothermic reactions different?
Endothermic reactions absorb heat while exothermic reactions release heat.
100
What are the three ways that velocity can change?
If the speed, direction, or both change.
100
What is inertia?
An object's resistance to a change in motion.
200
What are two pieces of information that can be gathered about an organism from a trace fossil?
The size of the organism, the speed of the organism, and whether the organism traveled in a herd or not.
200
What makes atoms of one element different from another?
The number of protons in the nucleus.
200
Give two pieces of evidence that would indicate that a physical change has occured. Do the same for a chemical change!
Physical- Change in size, shape, or state of matter
Chemical- Change in color, temperature, light, sound, or odor, production of gas, formation of a precipitate
200
How long would it take a car that travels at a speed of 53 m/s to travel 379 meters?
Time = 7.15 seconds
200
Why don't force pairs cancel each other out and produce a net force of 0 N?
They act on different objects, not the same object!
300
Give an example of a structural, functional, and behavioral adaptation.
Structural- Neck length, webbed feet, long beak, claws, fur color, etc.
Functional- Venom, regulating body temperature, scent released by flowers, taste, etc.
Behavioral- Migration, hibernation, stroing food for the winter, traveling in aherd, etc.
300
Determine the amount of each subatomic particle and atom of Cadmium using the element box below:
Protons = 48
Electrons = 48
Neutrons = 65
300
For each type of chemical bond (covalent, ionic, and metallic), write the types of elements involved and what happens to the electrons.
Covalent- Nonmetals bond, sharing electrons
Ionic- Metal and Nonmetal bond, electrons are transferred
Metallic- Metals bind, electrons are pooled
300
You are on boat, cruising across the water with your friend. What is something you can choose as your reference point that would indicate your are NOT in motion? What about one that indicates you ARE moving?
No Motion: Your friend, the boat, anything inside the boat
Motion: A dock, the sun, a buoy, another boat, etc.
300
What is the difference between a balanced and an unblanaced force?
Balanced forces are equal and opposite and produce a net force of 0 N and no change in motion. Unbalanced forces are not equal and change an objects motion.
400
Place the rock layers/events in order from OLDEST to YOUNGEST.
Y, T, E, Q, C, M(Tilt), G(U), H, N, R(D), S(U), V,
400
How are compounds and molecules different from each other?
Compounds must are always made up of different elements bonded together, while a molecule could be the same or different elements bonded together.
400
What holds an ionic bond together?
When ionic bonds form, one positive and one negative ion is always created. These oppositely charged ions attract one another.
400
If a person runs four laps around the track at a constant speed, are they accelerating? Explain.
Yes, because the runners direction changes which is a change in velocity, therefore, acceleration occurs.
400
Describe how both mass and force affect the acceleration of an object.
Mass- More mass, less acceleration
Force- More force, more acceleration
500
If we started with a 600g sample of Strontium-90, how much would remain after 100 years pass?
100 years = 4 Half-Lives
600 g / 2 = 300 g
300 g / 2 = 150 g
150 g / 2 = 75 g
75 g / 2 = 37.5 g remaining
500
Which group of elements on the periodic table is the most stable? Why is that?
The Noble Gases are the most stable. They have 8 valence electrons (4 pairs) meaning there are no available places to bond.
500
What is the difference between a polar and a nonpolar covalent bond? Please be sure to include electronegativity in your answer.
Polar- Covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally due to a difference in electronegativity
Nonpolar- Covalent bond where electrons are shared equally due to similar electronegativities
500
What is the average speed of the car between 10 and 50 minutes?
Average Speed = 0.13 km / min
500
Choose a law of motion and write a real-life scenario that demostrates the law.
1- A ball eventually stops rolling due to friction, your body continues moving forward after the car stops
2- it is harder to move a bowling ball that a tennis ball, it takes longer for a semi to stop than a small car
3- After you hit a nail with a hammer, the hammer bounces back towards you