Material Culture
Materiality is...
An object's concrete, physical presence, including its use, appearance, and surface-level function.
People who temporarily leave their homes for work or profit, with intent to return in the future.
Migrants.
Modification of a species of plant or animal for human use and control over generations.
Domestication.
Theory/anthropological approach which examines the social structure of capitalism.
Marxist theory/Marxist anthropology.
The breeding, care, and use of domesticated animals by humans.
Animal husbandry.
Material culture is...
The contemporary widening of scale of cross-cultural interactions due to high-speed movement of money, people, and ideas.
Globalization (Transnational).
Nomadic lifeway oriented around herding and caring for food animals.
Pastoralism.
An important figure in a non-state society who uses persuasion and interpersonal relationships to gain social standing and informal political power.
A Big Man (Woman).
This is a sign of pseudoarchaeology.
Pitching claims directly to the media; someone is trying to suppress their work; almost undetectable science used; anecdotal; long-held belief; isolation; rewriting laws of nature
Results of NAGPRA, the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act.
Protection of NA graves/burial goods from disturbance; legal resolution of conflict between tribes and museums; defined who "owns" certain artifacts and remains.
A "goal" of development.
Decreasing poverty, improving health, expanding economic markets.
Societal result of sedentism, agriculture, and increasing population size.
Social inequality.
This political action is often considered taboo in Western cultures, but can be a rational way to exert political power to achieve a goal or strategy.
Violence.
This type of anthropologist studies how people interact with their surroundings; especially aspects such as coping with pollution, using the natural world to support economics, etc.
Environmental anthropologists.
Public field that is oriented around identifying, protecting, and evaluating archaeological and historical sites.
Cultural Resource Management.
Development anthropologists vs. anthropologists of development.
Anthropologists working with states/development powers; anthropologists studying and critiquing development, usually the harm it brings to native pops.
Why modern and ancient hunter-gatherer populations aren't necessarily totally similar, even if they inhabit the same area.
Modern groups have access to capitalist systems and neighboring sedentary groups.
Theory or anthropological approach which interprets aspects of culture as an "organ", or a set purpose which keeps the culture going.
Structural-functionalism.
This power often limited indigenous people's control over their environment for non-competitive profit.
Colonial powers.
The Stocking or dimensions approach to artifacts.
Physical dimensions, history, power, wealth, aesthetics.
Theory which divides world countries into "core", "semi-periphery" and "periphery" groups.
World Systems Theory.
Argument that over-harvesting of the environment by hunter-gatherer groups in order to create surplus would overly deplete local resources.
The Optimal Foraging Strategy argument.
A type of political power that transcends individuals, operating in settings and orchestrating settings in which social and individual actions take place.
Structural power.
Term for a landscape which is made possible through human intervention or maintenance.
Anthropogenic landscape.