Neurologic Conditions
What is the normal ICP range?
5-10mm/Hg
Name 3 risk factors for spinal cord injuries
high risk activites (driving)
impact sports
males 16-30
What does PEEP stand for?
Positive End expiratory pressure
A nurse is working in a providers office when a patient comes in with a severe sunburn. What classification will the nurse use to describe this burn?
Superficial
What is the first thing you do when you suspect a blood transfusion reaction?
Stop the infusion immediately.
A patient accompanies his wife to a doctors appointment. During the appointment, the husband denotes that he has a sudden, severe headache, ringing in the ears and a sharp pain in the back of his neck. He starts having trouble with his speech. What does the nurse recognize that this patient is experiencing?
A hemmorhagic stroke
Which medication is adminstered to help with spinal cord edema?
methylprednisolone in high doses
Name a classic finding for a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome
hypoxemia despite supplemental oxygen therapy
What is the severity of burns based on?
percentage of total body surface area
depth of burns
body location of the burn
Which part of the heart is responsible for ventricular depolarization?
Purkinije Fibers
What are nursing care considerations for patients who have experienced an anurysm? Name 3.
Decrease stimuli
Prophylactic heparin administration
SCDs
Keep family informed
Restrict patient from engaging in activities that increase ICP.
Which labs do nurses review for patients with spinal cord injuries?
What is a very common clinical manifestation of a pulmonary embolism?
Dyspnea
What are the 3 phases of burn care?
emergent, acute, rehabilitative
Name that rhythmic rhyme: longer, longer, longer, drop. Now you've got at...
Wenckebach--Second degree heart block type 1.
What are the 3 classifications of medications that are used in the treatment of patients with a TBI?
Osmotic diuretics-- mannitol
Anticonvulsants--carbamazipine, Valproic acid, topiramate
Steroids--dexamethazone
Name 3 clinical manifestations of autonomic dysreflexia
Parasthesia
metallic taste in the mouth
headache
chills
blurred vision
chest pain
What is the purpose of an ABG?
to evaluate oxygenation and ventilation in a patient with acute respiratory failure
What is the parkland formula and why you should use it with caution?
It can lead to over fluid resuscitation which can lead to fluid volume overload---pulmonary edema, HTN
No. Although it is the most common cause, stress can also instigage pericarditis due to increased inflammation and high cortisol levels. This inflammation puts pressure on the pericardium of the heart. Pericarditis is also known as pericardial effusion.
Which posturing may suggest a worse prognosis for a patient and why? Decorticate or Deceberate?
Decerebrate posturing is worse than decorticate posturing, indicating a poorer prognosis and more severe brain damage. Decerebrate (extension) suggests damage to the brainstem/midbrain, often resulting in up to 90% mortality in TBI patients, whereas decorticate (flexion) usually indicates damage higher up, closer to the cerebral hemispheres
What is diaphragmatic pacing?
electrical stimulation of the phrenic nerve
A patient has been admitted with chest trauma following an accident and has undergone intubation. The nurse checks the patient when the high pressure alarm sounds on the ventilator. The nurse notes that the patient has an absence of lung sounds in the right upper lobe. The nurse immediately assesses for other symptoms of what?
Pneumothorax
Formulas are only a guide for burn care resuscitation. How often should the patient receiving fluid resuscitation be evaluated?
Every hour
Which medication is used in patients with an AAA if beta-blockers are insufficient?
Nitroprusside IV