Swallowing Physiology
This stage involves mastication, saliva mixing, and bolus formation
What is oral prep stage?
These sensory receptors detect stimuli in the throat and airway
What are mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors?
This type of evaluation is used for screening and initial assessment. This exam relies on observation and has no visualization of swallowing structures
What bedside clinical evaluation?
Name a postural compensatory strategy
What is head tilt, head turn, head back and chin tuck?
Material enters the airway but stays above the vocal folds
What is penetration?
This muscle is responsible for lip seal during swallowing
What is orbicularis oris?
These cranial nerves carry sensory input for swallowing to the brainstem
What are CN V, VII, IX, and X?
This exam is considered the gold standard for swallowing assessment?
What is MBS (Modified Barium Swallow)?
What is a caution for diet mods?
WL, compliance, and dehydration
Material passes below the vocal folds
What is aspiration?
These muscles elevate the mandible during chewing
What is the masseter, temporalis, and medial pterygoid?
What is the Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS)?
What makes an Instrumental Evaluation different from Bedside Eval?
What is provided objective data vs. inference
Name some rehabilitation strategies?
What is Effortful swallow, Mendelsohn maneuver, Masko, etc.?
This condition results from aspirated material entering the lungs
What is aspiration pneumonia?
This stage is triggered when the bolus reaches the faucial arches
What is the pharyngeal stage?
What is the nucleus Ambiguus?
This exam allows visualization of all phases of swallowing
What is MBS?
This swallow strategy is designed to clear material from the valecullae + pyriform sinuses
What is super supra glottic swallow?
This occurs when patients avoid food due to swallowing difficulty
What is malnutrition?
These muscles create the "stripping wave" that propels the bolus through the pharynx
What are the superior, middle, and inferior pharyngeal constrictors?
These brain regions help modulate timing, coordination, and force of swallowing
What is the basal ganglia and cerebellum?
Name one advantage and one limitation of FEES during swallowing?
What is no radiation exposure and white-out period? And more...
What are some pharyngocise exercises?
This is the overall psychosocial consequence of dysphagia affecting well-being
What is reduced QOL?