Final Exam Review

Chapters 1-2

100

Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties?

A) H, Li

B) Cs, Ba

C) Ca, Sr

D) Ga, Ge

E) C, O

C) Ca, Sr

200

The formula for the compound formed between aluminum ions and phosphate ions is ________.

A) Al₃(PO₄)₃

B) AlPO₄

C) Al(PO₄)₃

D) Al₂(PO₄)₃

E) AlP

B) AlPO₄

300

There are ________ protons, ________ neutrons, and ________ electrons in 131 I-.

A) 131, 53, 54

B) 131, 53, 52

C) 53, 78, 54

D) 53, 131, 52

E) 53, 78, 52

C) 53, 78, 54

400

Of the following, ________ is the largest mass.

A) 25 kg

B) 2.5 × 10^-2mg

C) 2.5 × 10¹⁷ pg

D) 2.5 × 10⁹ fg

E) 2.5 × 10¹⁰ ng

C) 2.5 × 10¹⁷ pg

500

A gold nugget has a mass of 0.0714 lb and a volume of 1.68 × 10⁻⁶ m³. What is its density in g/cm³?

1 lb = 453.592g

A) 0.0519

B) 19.3

C) 54.4

D) 0.0184

E) 32.4

B) 19.3

Chapters 3-4

100

Convert 94.8g of C₆H₁₂O₆  to moles      

_and 

How many grams of HBr are there in a 2.0M solution in a full 1.0L flask?

0.526 moles

160g

200

The combustion of propane (C3H8) in the presence of excess oxygen yields CO2 and H20:

C₃H₈ (g) + 50₂(g) → 3CO₂(g) + 4H₂0(g)

When 2.5 mol of O₂ are consumed in their reaction,

_mol of CO₂ are produced.

1.5 mol

300

Write balanced molecular and net ionic equations for complete neutralization of H₂SO₄ by KOH in aqueous solution. Also what are the spectator ions?

H₂SO4 (aq) + 2KOH (aq) → 2H2O (l) + K₂SO4 (aq)

2H⁺(aq) + 2OH^-(aq) → 2H2O (l)

Spectator ions: 2K⁺(aq) and 

 SO₄^2-(aq)

400

What is being reduced and what is being oxidized:

Cu(s) + 2AgNO₃(aq) → 2Ag(s) + Cu(NO₃)₂ (aq)

What is the oxidation number of Sulfur in:  Na₂SO₃

Cu is oxidized, Ag reduced

+4

500

What volume of 10.0 M H₂SO₄ is required to prepare 4.0 L of 0.50 M H₂SO₄?

0.20L 

Chapters 5-6

100

The ΔE of a system that releases 12.4 J of heat and does 4.2 J of work on the surroundings is _______J.

-16.6J

200

Given the data in the table below, ΔH°rxn for the reaction:

Ca(OH)₂+ 2H₃AsO₄ → Ca(H₂AsO₄) + 2H₂O is ________ kJ.

ΔH°f (kJ/mol):

Ca(OH)₂ = –986.6

H₃AsO₄ = –900.4

Ca(H₂AsO₄)₂ = –2346.0

H₂O = –285.9

-130.4

300

Given the following reactions

CaCO₃(s) → CaO(s) + CO₂(g) ΔH = 178.1 kJ

 C (s, graphite) + O₂(g) → CO₂(g)  ΔH = -393.5 kJ

the enthalpy of the reaction

CaCO₃(s) → CaO(s) + C (s, graphite) + O2 (g)

is ________ kJ.

571.6 kJ

400

If an electron makes a transition from the ni = 4 level to a lower-energy level, nf = 3, 2, or 1, which transition would produce a photon with the shortest wavelength?

A) n = 4 to n = 1

B) n = 4 to n = 2

C) n = 4 to n = 3

D) n = 4 to n = 4

E) More information needed

A) n = 4 to n = 1

500

When electron transitions from n = 4 to n = 1, What is the wavelength of the photon that is absorbed in nm?

97.5

Chapters 7-8

100

Write the electron configuration for N, P^3-

Write the condensed electron configuration for Cu and Sr

N = 1s² 2s² 2p³

P^3- = [Ar] or 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶

Cu = [Ar] 3d¹⁰ 4s¹

Sr = [Kr] 5s²

200

With your table draw all the trends of effective nuclear charge, ionization energy, atomic radii, ionic radii, electron affinity, metallic character, electronegativity, and outline the most reactive metal and non metal

 Effective Nuclear Charge (Zeff)

 Increases left → right, Slight increase top → bottom

Ionization Energy (IE)

Increases left → right,  Increases bottom → top

Atomic Radius

Increases right → left, Increases top → bottom

Ionic Radius

Same trend as atomic radius BUT:

• Cations (positive ions) → smaller than atom
• Anions (negative ions) → larger than atom

Electron Affinity (EA)

Becomes more negative left → right, More negative bottom → top

Electronegativity (EN)

Increases left → right, Increases bottom → top

Metallic Character

Increases right → left, Increases top → bottom

300

Rank the following lattice energies:

CaO, RbCl, & LiF

Which bond is the most polar?

H-F

C-O

H-N

H-I

CaO>LiF> RbCl

H-F

400

Draw the following lewis structures: 

CO₃^2-, BF₃, H₃O⁺, SO₄^2-, CH₂O, XeF₄, PCl₅, benzene

Find which have resonance, are exceptions to octet rule

If you have time determine their polarities

CO₃^2- and benzene have resonance

All but CO₃^2-, benzene, and CH₂O are exceptions to the octet rule

500

Which compound has the weakest carbon-carbon bond ?

CH₃CH₃

HCCH

CH₂CH₂

CH₃CH₃

Chapters 9-10

100

Describe the Electron Domain Geometry and Molecular Geometry for:

             H₂O   NF₃ ICl₃   XeF₄ 

Tetrahedral, Bent

Tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal

Trigonal pyramidal and T-shaped

Octahedral and square planar

200

Determine the hybridization and formal charge on the carbons in C₂H₄ and CN^-

Sp² and fc = 0

Sp and fc = -1

300

 A gas occupies 12.3 liters at a pressure of 40.0 mmHg. What is the volume when the pressure is increased to 60.0 mmHg?

8.20 L

400

The rate of effusion of an unknown gas is 9.20 mL/min. Under identical conditions, the rate of effusion of pure nitrogen (N₂) gas is 14.65 mL/min. Identify the unknown gas using the Graham’s law.

a) O₂ b) C₃H₈ c) C₄H₁₀ d) NO₂ e) Cl₂

E) Cl₂

500

What is the density of nitrogen gas at    –25.0 C and 4.25 atm?

5.85 g/L