Unit 1
In the Song Dynasty, what social group was likely to practice "Foot Binding"? (the practice performed on young girls to limit their abilities of doing normal activities; also a way to show power)
The Commoners were most likely to perform this action.
What city is known for its great amount of food and water and artisans who produce textiles, leather goods, and pottery?
The city on the Silk Roads is named Kashgar.
What treaty allowed kingdoms to choose between Protestantism or Catholicism?
The treaty was called the Peace of Augsburg.
What is a disease that traveled from the New World (Americas) to the Old World (Europe/Africa)?
Syphillis was brought (in large amount) across the world when explorers returned to Europe from Christopher Columbus's first expedition.
What does Laisse Faire mean and what enlightenment thinker believed in this?
This phrase means the government will perform a more hands-off approach so that businesses can succeed based on supply and demand. (Adam Smith agreed with this term.)
What Muslim group wanted to hold an election to determine the person who was best fit for the job?
Sunni Muslims believed in the election for a leader to replace Muhammad.
What city held people of many religions, such as Christianity, Buddhism, and Zoroastrianism, because of the many travelers?
The name of the city on the Silk Road was Samarkand.
Who created the Church of England, called the Anglican?
King Henry Vlll created the Anglican because he wanted to divorce his wife, but it went against the rules of the Catholic Church.
What is the system of labor where colonists of Spain were allowed to demand the labor of indigenous people in exchange for protection against other forces and education of Christianity?
This describes the Encomienda System.
What is absolutism and who despised it?
Absolutism is when one person has complete power and authority over a country. Montesquieu believed that absolute power led to absolute corruption.
What religion was the most popular in India in 1220-1450?
Most people in India practiced Hinduism.
What group did Hulego Khan lead to victory over Abbasid Caliphate?
He ruled over the II-Khanate.
What are the branches that broke off from Catholicism because of Protestant Reformation (response to many centuries of questioning and grievances against the Catholic Church)?
Three branches that broke off were Anglicanism, Calvinsim, and Puritans.
Roughly, how many African slaves died on the way to the Americas during the slave trade?
About 10-15% of Africans died on the journey to the Americas because of overcrowding, inadequate food and water, and lack of proper sanitation.
How would you describe the period of Enlightenment?
This was the period when people became skeptical from the Scientific Revolution and began to question religious and political values.
What is the name of the society that had men dominate the systems of power in the Song Dynasty?
The Song Dynasty used the patriarchal system of power.
What purpose did the Hanseatic League serve?
The Hanseatic League was a European economic alliance who controlled and monopolized trade in goods.
Who is the reformer known for his teaching of predestination (the belief that God has already determined the fate of the universe, including who will be saved and not be saved)?
John Calvin presented this idea and spent most of his life revising and expanding this doctrine.
What is the Incan labor system that required all men to work for a certain number of days each year (seasonal labor)?
This system of labor is called the Mita system.
What enlightenment thinker supported absolutism and believed humans were greedy beings?
This describes Thomas Hobbes; he also believed that leaders had been placed there by God and people couldn't go against those in control.
What is Filial Piety and how was it used in the culture of the Song Dynasty?
Filial piety is the order where you must respect your elders and family members, more specifically the head male of the family. This idea came from Confucianism (the belief that social duties are important and your behavior must be ethical). Filial piety guided the dynasty to gain respect for their elders and their kids to gain wisdom. By getting respect for their elders, people in the dynasty would learn to show respect and gratitude to the emperor.
What made the Mongol Empire so strong and allowed them to expand quickly?
The Mongol Empire used fear to their advantage, this is how they forced people to join their army. They would arrive to a tribe with heads on pikes to arouse fear in the people. The people who surrendered to the army were offered skilled jobs. The ruler of the Mongols, Chinggas Khan, was religiously tolerant which helped gain more people in the empire. This attracted people and helped grow the economy.
What was the difference with how Aurangzeb and Akbar each ruled the Mughal Empire?
Akbar focused on unifying the people to create a better environment for people living in the empire. He wanted to expand inside and outside the empire, making the empire stronger and more resilient. Aurangzeb did not care about the people, he focused on the military and expanding the land of the Mughals. This created a weak and unsuccessful empire.
What was Treaty of Tordesillas?
This treaty was created to settle the land dispute between Spain and Portugal in South America. There was a line created to divide the land between the two. Spain got most of the land to the west, while Portugal got the land on the east coast of Brazil. Portugal seemed to get less land, but they actually made a lot of money from the production of crops (sugarcane). The battle for the land of South America is an example of mercantilism as it shows how people wanted to expand their power to gain more wealth.
What was the "Cult of Domesticity?"
This was the idea that the man of the household should work and maintain a job while the wife would keep the house in order. The women were expected to be well dressed, clean the house, and prepare good food. Women were not given the opportunity to get a proper education, therefore they would never be able to get a real job. The only job they were expected to have was the one at home.