Absolutism
This is the idea that an absolute ruler receives his or her position from God and his representative on Earth.
What is divine right?
This is the theory that was supported by the Catholic Church which found the Earth at the center of the universe.
What is the geocentric theory?
This rebellious early period of the French Revolution was marked by peasants in the countryside burning estates and often murdering members of the nobility. It was a reaction to the rumor that nobles were hiring outlaws to terrorize the peasants.
What was The Great Fear?
It was on this island, which was invaded and colonized by France, where Napoleon was born. He actually spent most of his youth hating the country that he would one day become emperor of.
What is Corsica?
It was against this British king that Napoleon created the Continental System to try to weaken the economy of Great Britain. This was the same king who fought against the Americans during the American Revolution.
Who was King George III?
This absolute ruler of Spain was a defender of Catholicism who created a massive empire in his name. Inflation, taxes, loss of the Spanish Armada, and the Dutch Revolt would be his undoing.
Who was Philip II?
This astronomer published the books "Starry Messenger" and "Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems," the latter of which got him into trouble with the Catholic Inquisition and had him sentenced to house arrest for the remainder of his life.
Who was Galileo Galilei?
This is the approximate percentage of French citizens that would have been found in the Third Estate of the Old Regime.
What is 97%?
This system of law created by Napoleon was thought by the ruler to be his greatest work. It gave the country a uniform set of laws, but limited certain freedoms such as that of speech and freedom of the press. The code also restored slavery in the French colonies of the Caribbean.
What was the Napoleonic Code?
Elizabeth I became queen of England after her half-sister, the Roman Catholic Queen Mary died of perhaps ovarian cancer. Her rule was marked by her contributions to the Anglican Church, victory over the Spanish Armada, and growth of English art and culture. Her successor would be this son of Queen Mary of Scots, a woman she had imprisoned and executed in 1567.
Who was King James VI of Scotland (King James I of England)?
This king of England is best known for his six marriages, which he claimed, was in order to produce a male heir. The pope's refusal to annul his first marriage led him to break away from the Catholic Church and create the Anglican Church.
Who was Henry VIII?
This Enlightenment thinker argued that civilization corrupted people's natural goodness and wrote "Man is born free, and everywhere he is in chains." He also argued that the best form of government is that of direct democracy.
Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
It was through this governmental body that Louis XVI, then known as Citizen Capet, was tried for treason and sentenced to death by guillotine.
What was the National Assembly?
This nephew of Napoleon Bonaparte was voted president of France in 1848. After four years, he then took the title as emperor. Most French citizens were fine with this development as he had done an excellent job of building railroads, industrializing, and creating public works projects throughout France.
Who was Louis-Napoleon (Napoleon III)?
It was on this day that Napoleon, at the Cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris, was said to have taken the crown from Pope Pius VII's hands and placed it upon his own head, thus becoming emperor of France. *Hint - it was on my birthday* (Have correct month and year)
What was December 2, 1804?
This English king ignored Parliament and imposed taxes upon his citizens to fund wars against Spain and France. His actions would help lead to the English Civil War, where Oliver Cromwell and the Parliamentarians would try and publicly execute a monarch for the first time in western history.
Who was King Charles I?
This term, branded by philosopher Rene Descartes, argues that nothing can be known for certain unless first tested and proven to be so.
What is skepticism?
This Jacobin and one time friend of Maximilien Robespierre, was sentenced to death for not being as supportive of Robespierre's radicalism as others thought he should have been. He defended himself during his own trial, but was forced to remain silent after so skillfully convincing the jury of his innocence. After receiving his sentence of death, his famous last words were, "Don't forget to show my head to the people. It's well worth seeing."
Who was Georges Danton?
It was against this vast empire that the people of the Balkans, and especially those of Greece, began to fight for their independence from in 1821.
What was the Ottoman Empire?
John Locke was an English philosopher who lived through and witnessed the horrors that surrounded the English Civil War. Although experiencing this turbulent period of English history, he was still able to see a positive side of life and argued that "Life, Liberty, and Property" were the rights of all men. This was the year in which he was born. (Be within 5 years).
What was 1632?
What is 40 years?
Isaac Newton, one of history's greatest physicists, created the Universal Laws of Motion that help explain the workings gravity, amongst other things. It was at this university where Newton studied mathematics and physics.
What is Cambridge University?
Joseph Ignace Guillotin, a member of the National Assembly, created the guillotine. It was meant to be an efficient, humane, and democratic form of execution. This was the profession of Guillotin.
What is a physician (doctor)?
Klemens von Metternich, the leader of Congress of Vienna from 1814-1815 and supporter of the re-establishment of conservative governments throughout Europe, was forced to flee Austria in 1848 when revolutions spread throughout the country. He and his family moved to England, where he quietly spent a majority of the remainder of his life. It was in this city that Metternich died.
What is Vienna?
Think back to the incredible history of Lord Oliver Cromwell's head. After the Restoration, in which King Charles II became king of England, Charles II posthumously had Oliver Cromwell executed and beheaded. Cromwell's head was then placed upon the top of Westminster Hall for a period of some 20 years until it was knocked over during a storm. Cromwell's head was then picked up by a soldier, sold to various people, and came into and out of history for a lengthy period of time. It was finally received by the Wilkinson family in 1911 and was buried at this location in 1962. This is where it still remains to this day...probably.
Where is Sidney Sussex College, Sussex, England?