Cumulative
Give an example of a strong positive and negative correlation.
Research methods - 3
What are symptoms associated with OCD
(5) Rituals, intrusive thoughts, anxiety if not according to ritual
What does it mean that stress is subjective
(1) different situations will elicit different amounts of stress in different people
What is fundamental attribution error?
(6) Blaming a person for something based on internal attributes instead of external (they're dumb instead of they are late for their wedding)
How does Freud describe the structure of the mind and personality?
(2+3) Id, Ego, Superego = personality. Conscious, preconscious, unconscious = mind.
What are the 3 main parts of a neuron?
(biopsych - 1)
AXON TERMINALS (SENDS INFORMATION),
DENDRITES (RECEIVES INFORMATION), AND
AXON (CARRIES SIGNAL AWAY FROM CELL BODY)
WHAT DISORDER IS THIS?
MARIA CONSTANTLY WORRIES ABOUT SCHOOL, HEALTH, AND FAMILY. SHE FEELS TENSE, CAN'T SLEEP, AND KNOWS HER FEARS ARE EXCESSIVE BUT CAN'T CONTROL THEM.
Generalized anxiety disorder (5a)
What is the difference between problem focused, emotion focused, and avoidant coping?
(3) P= engaging in acts that directly help solve the stressor. E= directly deal with emotions related to the stressor. A = distract from the stressor.
Coping refers to efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress.
What is the difference between stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination
(1,2) Stereotypes = overgeneralization, Prejudices = beliefs, Discrimination = actions on these ideas
List as many defense mechanisms as you can. Give an example of one.
(4) Repression, Projection, Displacement, Reaction Formation, Regression, Rationalization, Identification
What is manifest v/s latent content of dreams according to freud?
(consciousness - 3) Manifest = the actual content, Latent= the hidden meaning
What do diagnosis, etiology, and prognosis mean?
(2) Diagnosis involves distinguishing one illness from another. Etiology refers to the apparent causation and developmental history of an illness. A prognosis is a forecast about the probable course of an illness.
What are the 4 types of stress
(2) Frustration, conflict, change, pressure
What is realistic group conflict theory
(3) Groups will have competition between each other when competing for limited resources
What are the 2 components of personality
(1) Consistency (stability in a person's behavior across time and situations)
Distinctiveness (behavioral differences among people reacting to the same situation)
Describe how classical conditioning works
(Learning - 1)
UCS -> UCR
UCS + NS -> UCR
CS -> CR
What is the medical model used to understand abnormal behavior?
(1) The medical model proposes that it is useful to think of abnormal behavior as a disease. This point of view is the basis for many of the terms used to refer to abnormal behavior, including mental illness, psychological disorder, and psychopathology (pathology refers to manifestations of disease).
What is learned helplessness
(4) passive behavior produced by exposure to unavoidable aversive events. This contributes to depression.
How do similarity and reciprocity impact attraction
(5) Increase attraction
What are the 3 assumptions that humanists make about personality
(6) 1. people can rise above their primitive nature
2. People are largely rational and conscious
3. People are not pawns of determinism
What is the difference between declarative, episodic, procedural, and semantic memory?
(memory - 4)
DECLARATIVE - MEMORIES OF FACTS OR EVENTS. YOU CAN "DECLARE" THESE
EPISODIC - THINGS THAT HAPPENED TO YOU (LIFE EVENTS)
SEMANTIC - GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
PROCEDURAL MEMORY - "MUSCLE MEMORY" HOW TO DO THINGS
What does eclecticism in therapy involve?
(last) Eclectic therapy is a flexible, personalized approach to counseling that uses a combination of techniques from different therapeutic schools of thought to meet the unique needs of an individual. A blend of strategies (cognitive-behavioral therapy and psychodynamic therapy)
Optimism and conscientiousness. Why are they associated with lower stress?
(5) Optimism - cope with stress in more adaptive ways, more likely to engage in action-oriented, problem-focused coping, and to emphasize the positive in their appraisals of stressful events.
Conscientiousness -less likely to exhibit unhealthy habits, such as smoking, tend to rely on constructive coping strategies and they are persistent in their efforts, promotes better adherence to medical advice, and associated with higher educational attainment.
What is cognitive dissonance
(7) When related attitudes or beliefs contradict each other (example is smoking knowing it is bad for you)
What are the components of the five factor model
(9) OCEAN - Openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, neuroticism