Meiosis
Unlike mitosis, which results in two identical daughter cells, Meiosis results in this number of daughter cells.
What is 4?
This term refers to the physical expression of a genotype.
What is a phenotype?
He is considered the father of evolution.
Who is (Charles) Darwin?
Because viruses require a host cell for replication, they are classified as these types of parasites.
What are intracellular obligate parasites?
This term describes the phenomenon where a portion of a population is immune to a disease, thereby protecting the non-immune individuals.
What is herd immunity?
Occurring during Prophase I, this process involves the exchange of DNA segments between nonsister chromatids to increase genetic variation.
What is crossing over?
If an individual has two different alleles for a specific gene, they are said to be this.
What is heterozygous?
This consists of all the alleles present in all individuals in a species.
What is a gene pool?
In this viral reproductive cycle, the virus takes over the host cell, replicates, and destroys the host cell.
Individuals who are heterozygous for the sickle-cell allele have a survival advantage against this disease.
What is malaria?
In Meiosis I, these separate from each other, while in Meiosis II, sister chromatids separate.
What are homologous chromosomes?
In this type of inheritance, the heterozygote phenotype is an intermediate mix of the homozygous phenotypes.
What is incomplete dominance?
This type of natural selection favors intermediate phenotypes and eliminates divergent phenotypes.
What is stabilizing selection?
HIV uses this unique enzyme to make a DNA copy from its RNA genome.
What is reverse transcriptase?
This chromosomal condition, also known as Trisomy 21, is caused by nondisjunction, resulting in three copies of chromosome 21.
What is Down syndrome?
This failure of chromosome pair separation during anaphase can lead to gametes with missing or extra chromosomes.
What is nondisjunction?
The ABO blood group is an example of this type of dominance, where both alleles are expressed simultaneously.
What is codominance?
This mechanism of evolution causes allele frequencies to change at random and is most significant in small populations.
What is genetic drift?
These infectious agents are misfolded proteins that can induce misfolding in other proteins.
What are prions?
This term refers to a disease-causing agent that is transmitted to humans from other animals.
What is zoonotic?
Meiosis is often called "reductional division," but Meiosis II is often referred to by this name because the chromosome number remains the same at the beginning and end of the process.
What is equational division?
This genetic scenario occurs when the genotype at one gene affects the phenotypic expression of a second gene.
What is epistasis?
In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, this specific term represents the frequency of the heterozygous genotype.
This protein shell surrounds the viral genome and can have helical or polyhedral shapes.
What is a capsid?
These infectious agents affect plants and consist solely of circular RNA molecules without a protein capsid.
What are viroids?