DAY 1
Who should you go to if you have a question about your client's target
Your BCBA or the Clinical Director, Intern or Lead RBT if your BCBA is not available
How can we pair with our clients?
Use non-contingent reinforcement, sing their favorite songs, play their favorite activities with them, keep demands to a minimum for the first few sessions, look at the POC for a list of preferred items, etc
What are the functions of behavior?
Escape, attention, tangible, sensory/automatic, but we must also rule out a medical function as well
What is the difference between DTT and NET?
DTT is a therapist-led teaching method where reinforcement is pre-determined and given contingent on a behavior occurring whereas NTT is a client led teaching method in a more natural environment where the reinforcement is built in to the teaching itself
What does PRT stand for?
Pivotal Response Treatment
What are some things to ask the parent at pickup?
How the client slept, if they are on any medicine, if there were any noticeable and unexpected changes in behavior, etc
What verbal operant is this?
Client sees their water bottle sitting on the shelf, points to it and says "water." Therapist gives her the water and she drinks it
Mand
What is ABA data?
ABC data is a way to determine the function of behavior by describing it in terms of what happened before the behavior (antecedent), what the person did (behavior), and what happened after the behavior occurred (consequence).
A way to teach a Task Analysis by breaking down a complicated, multi-step skill into smaller behaviors linked together. Forward chaining, backwards chaining and total task chaining.
Name 1 thing in a POC (Plan of Care)
Important information about the patient
Biographical details of diagnosis, medication, family structure and significant medical history
States medical necessity and recommended hours
Assessment results
Patient goals
Parent goals
What are the skills that are typically impaired by autism?
Communication, social skills, and behavior
What behavior is defined in this definition? "_____________ is defined as: any instance of the client using any part of their body to make inappropriate physical contact with another person using sufficient force that may or may not result in an audible sound or a visible mark on the skin. Each occurrence of physical contact is counted as an individual instance (frequency), multiple instances can occur in rapid succession within a few seconds."
Physical aggression
Define reinforcement and punishment.
Reinforcement increases the frequency of a desired behavior while punishment decreases the frequency of an undesired behavior
What is the least-to-most prompt hierarchy?
Independent, Visual, Verbal, Gestural, Modeling, Partial, Full Physical
Name 1 thing in a BSP (Behavior Support Plan)
List of preferred and non-preferred stimuli
Description of maladaptive behaviors
Indirect assessment results
Hypothesized functions of maladaptive behaviors
Antecedent/Consequence strategies
Crisis response
What is the definition of behavior? Provide an example
Anything a person says or does that is measurable and observable. Answers will vary.
How should you respond to this scenario?
You are working with a client that has made quite a bit of progress in the last month and their parents are over the moon excited. Because of this amazing progress, they have come to trust you as their child’s RBT and have expressed how great they think you are at your job. While dropping them off one day, they tell you about a problem that their child has started to have at home and ask you what they should do to ‘fix’ the problem. You ask them if they have talked to the BCBA on their child’s case, and they reply that they don’t want to bother the BCBA when they know that you could answer their questions since you have made so much progress with their child so far. You have a pretty good idea of what your BCBA would suggest. What do you tell the parents?
Even though you might have a good idea, always report parent concerns or suggestions to the BCBA
What is differential reinforcement? Name one of our DR types and provide an example
Differential reinforcement is when we place one behavior on extinction and instead reinforce another desired replacement behavior. Answers will vary.
Changing the stimulus in control of evoking a behavior to another stimulus. (ex: over the course of a week you slow down when driving down a road because you see a police officer, but the next week you still slow down even though the police officer is not there)
What is the difference between capturing and contriving an opportunity?
contrive- structure the environment so that the client initiates the learning opportunity
capture- One step ahead of the client: noticing what they are about to grab/say/do and incorporate your target into that thing
Define partial interval recording and provide an example
A therapist records if the behavior occurred at any point in each interval (breaking up a 2 minute timer into four 30 second intervals and recording if the patient got out of their seat at any point during each of the four intervals)
What is multiple stimulus with replacement? When would you use this type of preference assessment?
Provide an array of 3 or more items in front of the patient. Record which item the person chooses and where in the array the item was. Place the item back in the array and change all the other items that were in the array with new ones. Use this one when the client can make choices and are ok with items being removed
What are some differences between MOs and SDs?
An SD signals the availability of a reinforcer, while an MO changes the effectiveness of that reinforcer
An SD triggers a particular behavior while an MO affects how likely a person is to make a response
Model a DTT session with another trainee
(No answer needed)
What is a goal of PRT?
to teach the child to be responsive to the many learning opportunities and social interactions that occur in the natural environment,
to decrease the need for constant vigilance by an intervention provider
to decrease the number of services that remove the child from the natural environment.