_________ _________ _________ _________ is a common disorder experienced by victims of crime.
What is post-traumatic stress disorder
100
_____ occurs when glucose in the blood falls below levels necessary for normal and efficient brain functioning.
What is Hypoglycemia
100
Poverty-ridden neighborhoods which suffer high rates of population turnover and are incapable of inducing residents to remain are known as:
What is transitional neighborhoods
100
Concerned that the role government plays in creating a criminogenic environment
Who is Conflict theorists
200
Criminologists must use the __________ __________ to study crime
What is scientific method
200
The victim’s ability to address the sentencing judge and tell of his or her experiences as a result of the victimization is known as a:
What is victim impact statement
200
According to Freud, which part of the brain controls impulses and desire for immediate gratification/moral development?
What is Ego
200
When an individual accepts the goals of society, but rejects the legitimate means and instead achieves the goals through crime, it is called:
What is innovation
200
The branch of criminology that examines change in a criminal career over the life course is known as:
What is developmental criminology
300
Crimes less serious in nature and punished with a fine or a period of incarceration in a jail are referred to as:
What is misdemeanors
300
According to deterrence theory, if the probability of arrest, conviction, and sanctioning could be increased, crime rates should:
What is decline
300
A prison warden employs a _______ theorist to develop a plan to reduce institutional violence bydecreasing the amount of artificial colors and flavors present in the inmates’ food.
What is biosocial
300
Social learning theory suggests that crime is a _________ behavior
What is learned
300
Conflict theorists believe this occurs when people are thrust outside of the economic mainstream, forcing a larger portion of the population to live in areas conducive to crime.
What is marginalization
400
According to __________, punishment has the potential to discourage all individuals in the population from committing crime.
What is general deterrence
400
Elderly individuals are more likely than younger individuals to be victims of which type of crime?
What is fraud
400
Television violence increases the _________ _________ of viewers and makes them more prone to act aggressively.
What is arousal theory
400
When behavior is punished, this is referred to as:
What is negative reinforcement
400
According to theories of the life course, _____ factors are examples of factors such as information processing and attention/perception.
What is cognitive
500
The most important and widely used victim survey is the
What is National Crime Victimization Survey
500
Research indicates that both boys and girls are more likely to engage in violent behavior if they were targets of physical abuse. This abuse-crime phenomenon is referred to as the _________.
What is cycle of violence
500
Psychologist John Bowlby believed that the ability to form _________– that is, emotionally bond to another person – has important lasting psychological implications that follow people across the life span.
What is attachments
500
Which technique of neutralization refers to youths denying that they are to blame for their delinquent acts?
What is deny responsibility
500
According to life course and latent trait theories, _________ offend in groups.