Which soil horizon is most likely to contain anthropogenic materials?
Topsoil
Why is Vegetation Evidence & Analysis not used often?
Forensic botany is currently an underused resource → limited botanists
A bullet’s caliber is its length.
True or False
False (It’s diameter)
All arsons require a warrant before investigators can enter the scene.
True or False
False
Which cracks occurs first in glass, concentric or radial?
Radial cracks occur first as the glass electricity limit is reached. The concentric cracks occur after as the glass tries to revert to its original state.
What is the soil colour chart called?
Munsell Soil Colour Chart
Definitions of trace evidence
1) Related to size → small amounts of evidentiary material, often not visible by the naked eye
2) Something left behind → ‘He vanished without a trace’ → transfer evidence
Do radial cracks intersect? What do they tell about the order of events?
Radial cracks do not intercept.
They stop when meeting a previously made crack and this helps piece together the sequence of impacts
What are the structural components of Explosives?
carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen
Which feature of pollen makes it so durable in soil?
Acid-resistant wall
What test detects nitrites in GSR?
Which test is used to detect lead in gunshot residue?
Modified Griess test
Sodium Rhodizonate
What causes impression to remains in SN?
Plastic deformation of metal
What is the main ingredient in black powder?
KNO₃
Opium comes from.....
unripe pod of the poppy plant
Is the saliva test specific to humans?
No it is not, alpha-amylase is present in animals and can be detected by these tests.
Vehicle identification number has how many numbers?
What do you not use in it?
17 digit number, alphanumeric code
No I, O, Q
Fungi can determine:
Time of deposition, Prior locations of body, Location of clandestine grave sites, Time of death
Are screening tests for drug non-specific and preliminary?
True or False
True
Four types of ways to identify individual handwriting?
Line quality, spacing, ratio of heights, lifts and separation, connecting strokes.
Anything could work. Slanted writing, Smudges etc.
What is the focus in an arson investigation?
How do you collect ash/soot debris?
Focus on findings fire’s origin
Airtight container
Which soil property describes its strength and resistance to disruption?
Soil consistency → measure of strength and coherence of a soil
- Magnitude of force needed to cause disruption or distortion
- Loose, firm, very hard, rigid
Which explosive is known for being highly sensitive and peroxide-based?
TATP
Four factors that affect persistence/transfer of trace evidence.
1. Pressure
2. Nature & number of contact
3. Nature of material
4. Degree to which material will shed
5. How much item is contacted
Explain the difference between caliber and gauge?
Caliber is the diameter of the barrel or size of cartridge used. Gauge is used to describe the size of a shotgun barrel.
An aged headlight bulb may show stretched, melted filaments.
True or False
True