EEG Frequencies
Delta Waves
0-3.99 Hz
What stage contains vertex sharp waves?
Stage N1
Score Asystole when....
cardiac pauses are greater than 3 seconds for ages 6 to adult
Leg movement surface electrodes should be placed...
longitudinally and symmetrically in the middle of the anterior tibialis muscle so that they are 2-3 cms apart or 1/3 of the length of the anterior tibialis muscle, whichever is shorter.
For monitoring oxygen saturation, use pulse oximetry with a maximum acceptable signal averaging time of...
Theta Waves
4-7.99 Hz
What sleep stage contains K-Complexes and Spindles?
Stage N2
Score Atrial Fibrillation when....
There is an irregular ventricular rhythm associated with replacement of consistent P waves by rapid oscillations that vary in shape, size, and timing.
What defines a PLM series?
4 separate leg movements that are at least five seconds from each other that are within 90 seconds 3 Epochs) that are NOT associated with respiratory events.
What does an arterial PCO2, transcutaneous PCO2 or end tidal PCO2 help detect?
Hypoventilation
Alpha Waves
8-13 Hz
Eyes should be mirroring EEG aka showing no movement. Rarely, some people will show slow eye movements.
Score Sinus Tachycardia when
a sustained sinus heart rate of greater than 90 beats per minute for adults
For detecting bruxism, in addition to the recommended placement of chin EMG electrodes where else can you place them?
Placement can also be on the masseter muscle for detecting bruxism.
Score a respiratory event as an apnea when....
1. There is a drop in the peak signal of at least 90% of pre event baseline breathing.
2. The duration of the event is at least 10 seconds long.
YOU DO NOT NEED AN OXYGEN DESAT TO SCORE AN APNEA!
Beta Waves
>13 Hz
Score Stage N3 when...
When 20 or more percent/ six seconds of the Epoch consists of slow wave activity.
Score Bradycardia when
a sustained heart rate of less than 40/minute for ages 6 years through adult
What do we use for diagnosis of RBD ?
Time-synchronized, audio-equipped PSG is essential to document complex motor behaviors and vocalizations during REM Sleep.
Describe the difference in Obstructive Apnea and Central Apnea. Both physically and how they appear digitally on the study.
Thorax & Abdomen movement occurs however Thermistor/P-flow is absent.
Central Apnea is when a person is not breathing due to a disconnection between the brain and body. You usually see this with cardiac/neurological issues. Thorax & Abdomen movement is absent along with Thermistor/P-flow.
Slow Wave Activity
0.5-2 Hz & Minimum Amplitude of 75uV peak to peak in frontal derivations
In Stage W, the majority of individuals with eyes closed will demonstrate what rhythm?
Alpha Rhythm or (posterior dominant rhythm)
Score wide complex tachycardia for a rhythm lasting a minimum of
3 consecutive beats at a rate greater than 100 per minute with QRS duration of greater than or equal to 120msec
The polysomnograph characteristics of RBD are characterized by EITHER or BOTH of the following....
1. Sustained muscle activity in REM sleep in the chin EMG.
2. Excessive transient muscle activity during REM in the chin or limb EMG
Score a respiratory event as a hypopnea when...
The peak signal drops by at least 30% of pre event baseline breathing.
The duration of the 30% drop is at least 10 seconds long.
There is at least a 3% oxygen desaturation or an arousal associated with the event.