Segments and coronaries
What two walls are visible in the apical 2 chamber
anterior and inferior
The equation for stroke volume
[ CO= SV x HR ]
A pericardial effusion can be distinguished from a pleural effusion by imaging
The descending aorta in the parasternal view
LVOT diameter is measured in which part of the cardiac cycle
mid systole
What is the normal TAPSE measurement
>1.7cm
Your patient has severe coronary disease, name 2 possible procedures he may be referred to
Baloon angioplasty
Stenting
CABG
The equation for cardiac output
[SV = EDV– ESV]
This stage of diastolic dysfunction is irreversible
What is the normal peak LVOT velocity?
0.7-1.1 m/s
Currently, this is most frequently implanted valve in the US
TAVR
The FDA indication for using a UEA is defined as: The inability to detection endocardial motion in ______ or more _________ in any of the three _______
Two
Wall segments
Apical views
EDV-ESV/EDV X 100
Pulmonary venous systolic flow reversal indicates
Severe mitral regurgitation
Tissue doppler is the measurement of __________
myocardial velocity
For patients in cardiogenic shock, several devices can serve as a “bridge. Name three...
intraaortic balloon pump
TandemHeart
Impella
(ECMO)
CentriMag
What coronary perfuses the apex of the heart?
How to calculate right atrial pressure (RAP)
1) Measure the IVC 1-2cm from RA junction. Normal<2.1cm
2) Collapsibility index. N>50% collapse
List 3 common etiologies of valvular aortic senosis
Congenital (bicuspid)
Degenerative (calcified)
Rheumatic
<34 ml/m²
How will the mitral inflow pattern change if a patient has atrial fibrillation?
A wave will be absent
What part of the cycle are you able to visualize coronary flow by color doppler?
Diastole
How to calculate RVSP
RVSP = 4(V²) + RAP
This disease has a high embolic potential
atrial fibrillation
Severe Aortic stenosis valve area=
<1.0cm²
What is a typical spectral Doppler finding in someone with a LVOT obstruction
A dagger-shape Doppler waveform