Unit 2: Periodic Table & the Atom
Unit 3: Ionic & Covalent
Unit 5: Reactions
Unit 6: Chemical Quantities
Unit 7: Energy
100
Vertical Columns are _______
Rows are ______
Columns are groups (tell # of valence e's). Rows are periods
100
Difference between Ionic and covalent
Ionic bonds give or take electrons.
Covalent share
100
What does s, aq, and l, and g stand for
Solid, aqueous solution, liquid, gas
100
When I convert from moles to atoms, I multiply by avogadro's number. What is avagadro's number
1 mol = 6.02 x 1023 atoms
100
Differentiate Endo vs Exothermic
Endothermic is energy being absorbed to the system from the surroundings.
Exo is energy being released from the system to the surroundings.
200
What subatomic particles account for the mass of an atom? Which is missing and why?
Protons and Neutrons make up the mass as they exist in the nucleus. Electrons mass is insignificant, therefore they are not included in the total mass of an atom.
200
Which set has the correct ionic charges attached:
Na+, Mg+, Al+
K+, Sr2+, O2-
N-, O2-, F3-
K+, Sr2+, O2-; This is due to the elements' valence electrons. K has 1 valence electron, it will give it away. Sr has 2 valence, it will give them away. Oxygen has 6, it will take in 2 to fill the outer shell.
200
What two products must Combustion reactions produce
Water and CO2. When balancing these, start by matching the C's and H's and do O's last.
200
What is the difference between empirical formula and molecular formula
Empirical - simplest whole number ratio Ex: CH2
Molecular - derived from empirical Ex: C2H4
200
List the states of matter in terms of increasing entropy
Solid, liquid, gas. Entropy is randomness and disorder. low randomness in a compact solid,
300
What elements have similar properties, give an example
Elements that exist in the same group. Example: F and Cl
300
What do the dots represent in a lewis dot model? What do the lines represent?
Dots are electrons, dashes are bonds- one line is a single bond.
300
What are the five reaction types
Combination, Decomposition, Combustion, Single Replacement, Double Replacement.
300
Find the molar mass of Na3PO4
Na: 3 * 23 = 69
P: 1 * 31 = 31
O: 4 * 16 = 64
MM = 164 g/mol
300
Potential vs kinetic energy
Potential energy is energy due to an object's position. Kinetic is energy due to an object's motion.
400
What is the periodic trend for increasing atomic radii
Increases down a group and from right to left due to nucleus size and energy shells (# of periods).
400
Name Pb(NO3)2
Lead (II) Nitrate
400
If sodium (Na) and Fluorine (F2) react together what do they form? Balance final
2 Na + F2 --> 2 NaF
When they bond they form an ionic compound, the charges are +1 on Na and -1 on F, therefore they cancel out. Go back and balance.
400
Convert 5.2 moles of Al2O3 to grams
5.2 moles x 102 g/mol = 530.4 grams
400
What 3 state changes are endothermic
Melting, evaporation, sublimation
500
Name the group names from left to right and name how many valence electrons there are
Alkali metals (1A), Alkaline earth metals (2A), Transition metals (3B-12B), 4A, 5A, 6A, Halogens (7A), Noble gases (8A). Number of main group elements tell how many valence electrons.
500
What is the formula for Ammonium Phosphate
(NH4)3PO4
500
Predict the products for this double replacement reaction: Na2SO4(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq)
Na2SO4(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) →
PbSO4(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq)
500
Find the percent composition of each atom in Ammonium Chloride
NH4Cl
N: 1 * 14; H: 4 * 1; Cl: 1 * 35.5 MM = 53.5 g/mol
14/53.5 * 100; 4/53.5 * 100; 35.5/53.5* 100
N 26.2%, H 7.5%, 66.4%
500
It takes 487.5 J to heat 25 grams of copper from 25 oC to 75 oC. What is the specific heat in J / g · oC?
c = 0.39 J/goC