The Study of Life
Anything that is part of either the internal or external environment that causes some sort of reaction (one of the eight characteristics of life)
Stimulus
Distinct central organelle that contains the cell's genetic material (DNA)
Nucleus
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
Osmosis
What is the first law of Thermodynamics?
Energy can be converted form one form to another - but not be created or destroyed.
(Conservation of Energy)
A group of organisms that can breed with one another and produce fertile offspring.
Species
A scientific principle that describes relationships under certain conditions in nature.
Law
Cell type that contains a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
Eukaryotic cells
Movement against a concentration gradient
Active Transport
All of the chemical reactions in an organism's cells?
Metabolism
Anaerobic process that occurs after glycolysis
Fermentation
Areas of study that try to imitate science and is often driven by cultural or commercial goals. Give one example.
Pseudoscience
Ex: Astrology, feng shui, phrenology, groundhog day, ect
A physical trait all cells have in common
The plasma membrane
Features of the phospholipid bilayer that are needed to move substances (large or charged) or waste materials through the plasma membrane.
Transport Protiens
The most important biological molecule that provides chemical energy
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
Where do light-independent reactions occur during photosynthesis?
Stroma
A scientist just arrived at a new lab and wants to observe the surface of their specimen in high magnification. What microscope should the use?
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
flattened stack of membranes that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins into sacs called vesicles.
Golgi Apparatus
Term to describe continuous movement with no overall change?
Name 2 factors that affect the rate of diffusion to this point.
Dynamic equilibrium
Pressure, Temperature, Concentration
Stage of photosynthesis that described by carbon fixation.
Calvin Cycle
Leigh syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that affects the central nervous system. Most individuals with Leigh syndrome cannot meet the energy demands of their cells. What organelle is likely being affected?
Mitochondria
The respiration rate of a goldfish is measured. The goldfish is then placed in cold water and the respiration rate is measured again. Identify the independent and dependent variables.
Independent Variable: Temperature (Warm v Cold)
Dependent Variable: Respiration Rate
Organelle that help make proteins?
Where are they produced?
What other organelle is often identified by this organelles presence?
Ribosomes
Nucleolus
Rough ER
Concentration of the solute outside of the cell is higher than it is inside
Hypertonic
The mechanism by which ATP is produced as a result of the flow of H+ down a concentration gradient.
Chemiosmosis
Glucose production in the cell will decrease (the product of photosynthesis)