1750 World, Enlightenment, Revolutions
What is the main idea of Enlightenment thinkers, like John Locke, around government and rights?
All people should have natural rights, the government should protect those rights, if not the people should overthrow the government
What is imperialism?
when one stronger country takes control over another weaker one
What was the immediate cause of WW1?
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
What were the primary countries in the Cold War? What policies did each side believe in?
Democracy/Capitalism vs. Communism/Totalitatianism
What international organization was formed after WW2 to maintain peace and promote human rights?
The United Nations
Which estate faced the most inequalities in France, leading to the French Revolution?
The Third Estate
What conference allowed Europeans to divide Africa without African input?
* Bonus - who hosted it
the Berlin Conference - hosted by Otto von Bismarck
What Treaty ended WW1 and punished Germany harshly?
* name at least 2 conditions in the treaty that Germany had to do
Treaty of Versailles
- took the blame for the war
- had to pay war reparations putting them in debt
- downsize their military
- lost territory
What became a symbol of the division between East and West
* figurative and physical
Berlin Wall
Iron Curtain
What is the apartheid system?
Who fought to end this system in South Africa?
- racial segregation
- Nelson Mandela
What happened to King Louis XVI during the Reign of Terror?
He was beheaded by guillotine
What is the White Man's Burden?
- the idea that European nations should go out and civilize other countries - spread their culture, etc
Why did countries like Italy and Germany let totalitarian leaders like Mussolini and Hitler come to power?
they promised to solve the problems - they were desperate - propaganda showed them as good people
What does containment mean?
The United States policy to stop the spread of Communism
What are negative effects of Globalization?
- environment problems (pollution, climate change, deforestation, desrtification)
- inequalities - lack of access to food, water, education, electricity, poverty
- loss of ethnic diversity
- terrorism
What type of power to the governments in the Ottoman, Mughal, and Tokugawa Shogunate have over their nobles and lower class citizens?
Absolute Power
What country was split into Spheres of Influence during the Age of Imperialism?
* Bonus - what war did they lose that resulted in the Sphere of Influence
China - after the Opium Wars
Match the following terms
Ayatollah Khomeini Iran Modernize
Pahlavi Shah Turkey Modernize
Kemal Ataturk Iran Tradition
Ayatollah - Iran - Tradition
Pahlavi Shah - Iran - Modernize
Kemal Ataturk - Turkey - Modernize
List at least 2 of the Proxy Wars fought during the Cold War
- Cuba
- Korean War
- Vietnam War
- Afghanistan
What term describes the deliberate killing of a group of people based on race, ethnicity or religion?
* Bonus - list 2 examples of this
Genocide
- holocaust, Armenian, Holodomor, Rwanda, Cambodia
The Enlightenment and French Revolution inspired which TWO leaders to demand independence from European nations?
Toussaint Louverture - Haiti
Simon Bolivar - South America
Which European country imperialized India in the 1800s? AND who led India to independence from that country? AND what method did he use to achieve independence?
- Britain
- Gandhi
- civil disobedience/non-violence
What does appeasement mean and how did it cause WW2?
- letting aggressive nations do what they want, ex/ League of Nations kept letting Hitler do what he wanted in hopes to keep peace
What event marked the end of the Cold War?
* Bonus - which Soviet Leader was in charge of the Soviet Union at the end of the cold war?
the fall of the Berlin Wall and the Collapse of the Soviet Union
- Mikhail Gorbachev
How did collectivization cause a famine in the Ukraine?
*Bonus - which Soviet leader is responsible for it?
- because the soviet union was taking all of the Ukraine's food, leaving them with nothing
- Joseph Stalin