Scientific Processing
What are QUALITATIVE and QUANTITATIVE observations?
Qualitative - describe the qualities being observed.
Quantitative - describe the quantities, or the number, observed
What is a prokaryote?
A cell that does NOT have a nucleus.
What particles are in the nucleus of an atom?
protons and neutrons
What are the 4 macromolecules?
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids (Fats)
Nucleic Acids
What is the control center of the cell?
the nucleus
What is the best format for collecting data in an experiment?
Data Table
What is a stimulus?
a change/signal in the environment
What are the charges of protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Protons - positive
Neutrons - neutral
Electrons - negative
Which macromolecule is used mainly for energy?
Carbohydrates
the cell membrane
Is this hypothesis TESTABLE or NOT TESTABLE, and WHY?
"If someone drinks caffeine, then their heart rate will increase."
TESTABLE, because the heart rate can be measured.
What is homeostasis?
the maintenance of constant internal conditions
If a solution has a pH of 4.3, is it acidic or basic?
Acidic
What is an enzyme?
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body.
What organelle stores excess water and nutrients?
the vacuole
What is a control group?
The CONTROL GROUP is exposed to all the same conditions as the EXPERIMENTAL GROUP except for the one independent variable that is deliberately changed.
What are the different levels of organization starting at cells?
Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Organ Systems -> Organism
What is ionic bonding?
a bond formed when electrons are TRANSFERRED from one atom to another
What are the 4 steps to an enzyme reaction?
1. Substrate binds to the active site of the enzyme
2. Enzyme/Substrate complex
3. Enzyme/Product complex
4. Products leave active site
Which organelle is the "powerhouse" of the cell, producing ATP energy for the cell to use?
Mitochondria
Which axis does the independent variable belong on?
X-axis
Name the 7 characteristics of life
Has cells
Sense and respond to change
Adapt to environment
Reproduces
Use energy
Grow and develop
Maintain homeostasis
What is covalent bonding?
A bond formed when electrons are SHARED between two atoms.
What is the monomer of proteins?
amino acids
What is cell theory?
1. All living organisms are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic units of life.
3. All cells are produced from pre-existing cells.