Vulnerabilities
A security flaw, glitch, or weakness found in software code that could be exploited by an attacker.
What is a Vulnerability?
A tweak to the OS code that will fix an issue in how it runs or compatibility with devices and applications.
What is an update/patch?
A structured process through which we identify potential security threats and vulnerabilities.
What is Threat Modeling?
Individual ons and offs in a computer system.
What are bits?
Scrambling data so that it is unreadable to anyone except those who know the trick to decoding it.
A specific code or attack technique that uses a vulnerability to carry out an attack or gain unauthorized access.
What is an exploit?
A fix for a bug that is affecting OS functionality.
Physical objects that are embedded with sensors, software, and other technologies, and that connect and exchange data with other devices and systems over the Internet or networks.
What is the Internet of Things (IoT)?
The system which represents alpha-numeric data in a computers, such as A = 65 = 01000001.
What is the ASCII Table?
Encrypted data.
What is Ciphertext?
A database of known vulnerabilities in all types of digital products.
What is the Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) database?
This is best practice is to provide each user with the minimum system access needed to perform their necessary tasks.
What is the Least Privilege Principle?
Recommended actions we should take to secure devices like computers or smartphones.
What are best practices?
A base 16 number system.
What is hexadecimal?
A historic cipher in which the alphabet is shifted left or right a given number of spaces.
What is a Caesar Cipher?
To minimize the risk or lessen the force or intensity of something unpleasant.
What is to mitigate?
A backup that includes the operating system and configuration settings.
What is a System Image?
A special online tool that hackers use to scan the internet for open devices.
What is shodan?
Representing a range of characters by some kind of conversion system.
What is encoding?
A technique used to solve substitution ciphers based on commonly used letters and words.
What is Frequency Analysis?
These are important to install regularly.
What are updates?
A patch for a very specific issue ‐not released through automatic updates.
These should be changed when you obtain a new device, if possible.
What are the default username and password for the admin account?
01001001 as a hexadecimal number.
What is 49?
The information about a file that is embedded in the file, such as date, location, size, etc.
What is metadata?