Bones
Definitions
Joints
Muscles
Conditions
100
What are the two articulating areas of the humerus and what do they articulate with?
Two parts: Capitulum and Trochlea
Trochlea articulates with trochlear notch of the ulna
Capitulum articulates with the head of the radius and the trochlea notch of the ulna
100
Fossa
Provides space for bones when moving
(ex. radial fossa, coranoid fossa, olecranon fossa)
100
How many degrees of freedom do the humeroulnar and humeroradial joint have?
One: Flexion/extension
** NOTE: There are 2 degrees of freedom at the elbow (pronation and supination); but only 1 at the humeroulnar, humeroradial, and radioulnar
100
Picking a cup off of a table and lifting it towards your mouth would involve what movement at the elbow and what muscles?
Elbow flexion
Brachialis
Biceps Brachii
Brachioradialis
100
What is the difference between cubitus valgus and cubitus varus
Cubitus Valgus (Lateral deviation): angled outward
Cubitus Varus (gunstock deformity): angled inward
200
Olecranon process is the attachment point for the ________ and the styloid process of the ulna is an attachment for the muscles and ligaments that stabilize the _______
Triceps; wrist
200
Epicondyles
Points of attachment for tendons of the wrist and hands
200
What is the primary hinge and where joint and between what structures does the articulation take place
Humeroulnar joint
Articulation between trochlea of the humerus and trochlear notch of ulna
200
Pushing open a door requires what type of movement at the elbow and what primary muscle?
Elbow extension; triceps
200
When Mary flexes her elbow, she tends to feel numbness and tingling in her small fingers. What condition may this be representative of and what nerve is being affected?
Cubital tunnel syndrome
Pressure and tension on ulnar nerve when flexed
300
On what bone is the radial notch located? What structure articulates with the radial notch? What movement does the radial notch allow?
The head of the radius; pronation and supination
300
Between what structures does the humeroradial joint articulate
Capitulum of the humerus and the head of the radius
300
When turning a doorknob clockwise, what movement is occurring at the distal radioulnar joint and what primary muscles are involved (2)?
Supination - supinator and biceps
300
Lucy frequently uses garden shears to trim her plants. However, she has recently begun to complain about pain on the outside of her elbow. Lucy's presentation resembles what cumulative trauma disorder?
Lateral epicondylosis (Tennis elbow)
400
How many bones make up the composition of the wrist?
15
- Ulna
- Radius
- 8 Carpal bones
- 5 Metacarpal bones
400
Which joint bears 60% of the load on the elbow?
Humeroradial
400
When pouring liquid into a pan, what movement is occurring and what primary muscles are involved
Pronation - pronator teres, pronator quadratus
400
For the past 5 weeks, James has been lifting heavy weights everyday. He came to therapy with increased pain on the inner side of his elbow. What cumulative trauma disorder does his presentation represent?
500
What are the four primary functions of the carpal bones?
Support and stability: (ex. finger mvmt.)
Transmits Force (ex. gripping)
Articulation (ex. ext, flex, ab, ad)
Cushioning and shock absorption (ex. falling)
500
Between what structures does the distal radioulnar joint articulate?
Head of the ulna with the ulnar notch and articular disk of the radius
600
What are the three wrist articulations?
Radiocarpal, midcarpal, intercarpal
600
Between what structures does the proximal radioulnar joint articulate?
Radial notch of ulna with the radial head and rim
700
Which wrist joint is considered the true wrist joint and why?
Radiocarpal - sustains 80% of force during weightbearing
700
What are the three main functions of the middle radioulnar joint?
Stabilization, transmits force, attachment
800
What movements occur at the midcarpal joint?
Flexion/extension and rotation
800
During what movement is elbow stability the greatest?
Flexion and extension (most stable in flexion)
900
What are the primary stabilizers of the elbow? (3)
Annular ligament
Medial collateral ligament
Lateral collateral ligament
