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Sources of Heat Energy
Heat Transfer
Stages of Fire Development
Other Fire Related Conditions
Reading Smoke
100
Heat generated by passing an electrical force through a conductor such as a wire or appliance.
What is Resistance Heating?
100
Heat tends to flow from a hot substance to a cooler one.
What is Law of Heat Flow?
100
Produces large volumes of fire gases. In compartment fires, the fire is ventilation controlled.
What is Fully Developed Stage?
100
A condition where flames move through or across the unburned gases during a fire's progression.
What is Flameover/Rollover?
100
Particles, Vapors and Gases.
What are the three major components of smoke?
200
Heat occurring when electrical current is interrupted.
What is Heat from Arcing?
200
Heat may be conducted from one body to another by molecular energy transfer through an intervening heat conducting medium.
What is Conduction?
200
Oxygen content reduced to 16% - 20%. Compartment fires in this stage are generally fuel controlled.
What is the Growth Stage?
200
A condition occurring when oxygen is admitted into an area filled with unburned carbon particles and other fire gases?
What is a Backdraft?
200
Volume, Velocity, Density and Color
What are the four key attributes of Smoke?
300
Heat generated by movement between two objects in contact with each other.
What is Frictional Heating?
300
Heat transfer from a moving fluid (liquid or gas) to a solid surface.
What is Convection?
300
The fire is small and generally confined to the material first ignited.
What is the Ignition (Incipient) Stage?
300
A spark or flame applied to a mixture below its ignition temperature.
What is a Smoke Explosion?
300
Smooth, streamlined flow of smoke. Indicates the building is absorbing the heat and pressure.
What is Laminar Smoke Flow?
400
Heat produced by the forced reduction of a gaseous volume.
What is Heat of Compression?
400
Heat transferred by electromagnetic waves or infrared waves without an intervening medium.
What is Radiation?
400
Temperatures range from 900 - 1200 degrees F.
What is Flashover Stage?
400
The tendency of gases to form into layers according to temperature.
What is Thermal Layering of Gases?
400
High volume, high velocity, turbulent, ultra dense black smoke.
What is Black Fire?
500
Heat released as an arc between oppositely charged surfaces.
What is Static Electrical Heating?
500
1. Heat is thermal energy in motion that travels from a hot to a cold region. 2. The rate of heat flow through matter is directly proportional to the temperature difference. 3. All matter having a temperature above absolute zero emits radiation.
What are the Rules of Heat Transfer?
500
Stage in which the fire plume develops and entrains air.
What is the Growth Stage?
500
1. Prolonged application of water to the upper thermal layers will cause rapid conversion to steam. 2. Major cause of burns to firefighters.
What is Disruption of the Thermal Balance?
500
Indicates how much unburned fuel is in the smoke.
What is Smoke Density?