Fire Triangle
The 3 points on the Fire Triangle
What are Heat, Fuel, and Oxygen?
The historic climate of California summers.
What is hot and dry?
The term for small branches and leaves on the ground
What is litter?
Prescribed fire mimics past low or high intensity fire
What is low intensity fire?
Pile burning OR prescribed burning is more likely to start wildfires/cause harm (more risk).
What is pile burning?
Two common ignition sources for wildfire
What are (power lines, lightning, arson, vehicle/equipment fires, escaped pile burns, etc)?
Name two sources forest fires in the past.
What is lightning and cultural burning?
Name two descriptions of the current status of fuels in our forest.
What is overcrowded (dense) and too much surface fuels?
Name three useful tools when prepping a burn.
What are MacCloud, Hoe, Rake, Shovel, Saw/Chainsaw?
Name a very large wildfire in N. California in the last 10 years.
What is the (Camp/Paradise, Dixie, Park, etc.) fire?
Increasing summer temperatures affect this part of the fire triangle
What is heat?
Name and describe a plant that has an adaptation of the tree trunk.
What is thick bark on a (Pine, Oak, Redwood)?
Low limbs and small trees that carry fire up to the treetops.
What are ladder fuels?
Name three factors to consider about Safety during a prescribed fire.
What is smoke, personal safety equipment, water/extinguishers?
Low intensity fire does this to nutrients trapped in Surface fuels.
What is breaks down/recycles them so they are available for plants to use?
The points of the fire triangle relate to what part of a combustion reaction.
What is Heat is the activation energy, oxygen and fuel are reactants?
Name and describe a plant that has an adaptation of their seeds.
What are cones that open after fire (Pine, Redwood)?
Or
What are dormant seeds that are activated/germinated by fire (Ceanothus, Toyon, etc)?
The name and time to burn of surface fuels that measure 1-3 inches
What is medium and 100 hours?
Describe the requirements when building a fire line (what it should be like when done).
What is 4 feet of bare mineral soil, no vegetation (overhanging branches or big roots) and away from vulnerable infrastructure (power/gas line, fences)?
Explain chemically how Recent rain and wet fuels affect combustion .
What is the water stops the start of the combustion reaction because it absorbs all the heat first?
Name and explain how it affects the fire triangle for an example of smothering (type of extinguishment)
What is using a fire blanket to remove the access to oxygen?
Name and describe a plant that has a root/rhizome adaptation
Raking around pine trees does this.
What is protects the shallow feeder roots of the Pine tree from intense heat (fire residency)?
Name the 3 weather requirements in a prescription
What is temperature, humidity, wind speed?
Cultural burning has several benefits other than reducing fuels. Name them.
What is improving food, medicine and basketmaking sources, spiritual relationship to nature, etc.?