To produce effective fire streams, one must understand these factors that affect pressure loss or gain.
What are Friction Loss and Elevation Pressure?
100
A fire stream size refers to this.
What is the Volume of Water flowing per minute?
100
A compact stream produced from a fixed orifice.
What is Solid stream.
100
The most common nozzle control valve.
What is ball valve?
200
The visible form of steam.
What is Condensed Steam?
200
The pressure that is lost while water is traveling through pipes, fittings, hose, and adapters.
What is Friction Loss?
200
This stream discharges more than 350 GPM and is fed by a 2 1/2" or 3" hoselines or LDH.
What is a Master Stream?
200
The preferred stream for creating a water curtain or protecting a firefighter from extreme radiant heat.
What is Fog stream?
200
The designed operating pressure for most combination nozzles.
What is 100 PSI nozzle pressure?
300
A stream of water or other extinguishing agent after it leaves a fire hose nozzle until it reaches the desired target.
What is a fire stream?
300
Pump pressure minus friction loss plus elevation gain.
What is Nozzle Pressure?
300
The volume of water discharged from a fire stream is determined by two factors. One factor is the water pressure at the nozzle, the second is this.
What is the design of the nozzle?
300
Do not use this stream on energized electrical equipment.
What is Solid Stream?
300
This valve control not only sets the dishcarge pattern, but also turns the water flow on and off.
What is Rotary control valve.
400
The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a specified mass of a substance by one degree. For example, the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one pound of water one degree.
What is Specific Heat?
400
The result of a handline nozzle being above the pumper.
What is Elevation Loss (elevation pressure loss)?
400
This stream flows between 40 and 350 GPM.
What is a Handline Stream?
400
A solid stream that travels beyon the breakover point may become this type of stream. It is also the type of stream that is produced by cellar nozzles.
What is a Broken Stream?
400
This nozzle automatically varies the flow rate to maintain a reasonably constant pressure through a specific flow range. Flow patterns are adjustable from a straight stream to a wide fog pattern.
What is an Automatic (constan pressure) nozzle?
500
The energy required to change a substance from a liquid to gas
What is the Latent Heat of Vaporization?
500
The efficiency with which water absorbs heat is largely dependent upon this as the water is introduced into the heated environment.
What is Surface Area?
500
The three major fire stream patterns.
What are solid, broken and fog patterns?
500
The point at which a stream begins to lose its forward velocity.
What is the Breakover point?
500
When water flows from a nozzle, the velocity, flow rate, and pattern of the stream combine to create this "push" against the person handling the hoseline.