First Aid

Basic First Aid

100

What do you do if you scrape or cut your skin

Disinfect(using soap and water/alcohol pads/antiseptic pad) than dress the wound using a band aid.

200

What do you do for a first degree burn?

Run under cool water(not cold)

For a sunburn:

Use Aloe or some sort of after sun care.  

300

What do you do if there is a tick on your skin?

Use tweezers, close to the head, and pull slightly until the tick lets go. Save the tick to be tested for lime disease and see the doctor if you start to develop a rash or flu-like symptoms. 

400

What do you do for a bloody nose?

Either let the blood flow or use something to clog it. Massage/clamp down on the "Soft part of your nose". After 15-30 minutes seek medical attention. DO NOT tilt your head back or ingest the blood.

500

What do you do in the case of an animal bite?

Identify the animal, only warm blooded animals can have rabies. Small rodents (squirrels, rats, mice, hamsters, guinea pigs, and gerbils) are unlikely to carry rabies.

If the animal was actively attacking you, this is a large sign or rabies (I.e. if a raccoon is attacking you).

Seek medical care and get the rabies shots.

Medical Emergencies

100

What do you do for a fishhook in the skin?

200

What defines a heart stroke compared to heat exhaustion?

Heat exhaustion is when someone's body cannot cool itself down properly. Usually a result of dehydration and long exposure to heat. Not life threatening, but needs to be taken care of quickly

Heat stroke is when your body temperature control system fails completely. You overheat dangerously, causing organs to fail. Life threatening, treat as soon as possible.

300

What do you do for a large object in the eye? (something like a stick or stake)

Use some sort of cone or cup, along with gauze to keep the object in place. Cover the other eye to stop any eye movement. Get medical attention ASAP

400

How do you identify stroke?

B.E.F.A.S.T:

Balance
Eyes
Face
Arms
Speech
Time

500

How do you preform CPR?

Between the nipples, push 2 inches deep and go 100-120 compressions per minute(to baby shark). After 30 compressions do 2 rescue breaths by pinching the nose and tilting the head back. If you are uncomfortable and do not have the right tools, just do hands only CPR.

Situational Scenarios

100

What do you do if attacked by a bear?

Small Bears - Make yourself appear big and make loud noises

Large Bears - Protect your neck and head and make yourself as small as possible

200

How do you treat Heatstroke?

1. Cool them down as fast as possible
2. Treat for shock later

300

How, when, and Why would you use a tourniquet?

How: Adjust the velcro strap above the wound. Not on the joint or wound itself. Twist the string until the bleeding stops.

When: when there is bright red, squirting blood that is bleeding fast. 

Why: In order to clamp down on the artery through the muscle

400

What do you do for hypothermia?

1. Move to a warmer place

2. Call 911

3. remove wet clothing

4. warm up slowlt

500

What do you do if someone is having a heart attack?

1. check the situation

2. Ask, than check for a pulse and breathing

3. Send people to call 911 and get an AED if available. 

4. start chest compressions until medical professionals arrive. 

Bleeding & Wounds

100

How many tourniquets do you apply on the arm, neck, and leg?

Arm: 1

Leg: 2

Neck: 0

200

How do you preform wound packing and where/why wound you do it?

On the leg, arm, groin, or shoulder. If it is too high up to apply a tourniquet. Make a ball with gauze and shove it into the wound until you cannot anymore. Compress fro 3 minutes than wrap around the leg. 

300

Why can't you squeeze down arterial bleeding?

There is too much muscle and fat in the way. Although it is easy to squeeze down, it is difficult to squeeze down hard enough.

400

How much time do you have until you bleed out of your leg vs bleeding our of your arm?

5 minutes on the leg
5-10 minutes on the arm

500

How do you know if the type of bleeding is bad?

If the blood is oozing and dark red, it is most likely safe and if it gets worse, simply apply pressure. This blood comes from veins and are close to the skin.

If the blood is bright red and squirting, this is arterial bleeding. This is dangerous and needs to be cared for with a tourniquet or wound packing.

Carries and types of transport

100

Demonstrate the ankle pull.

1. Grasp the victim by both ankles or pant cuffs.
2. Pull with your legs, not your back.
3. Keep your back as straight as possible.
4. Try to keep the pull as straight and in-line as possible.
5. Keep aware that the head is unsupported and may bounce over bumps and surface imperfections.

200

Demonstrate the shoulder pull

1. Grasp the victim by the clothing under the shoulders.
2. Keep your arms on both sides of the head.
3. Support the head.
4. Try to keep the pull as straight and in-line as possible.

300

Demonstrate the two-handed seat

1. Pick up the victim by having both rescuers squat down on either side if the victim.
2. Reach under the victim's shoulders and under their knees.
3. Grasp the other rescuer's wrists.
4. From the squat, with good lifting technique, stand. 5. Walk in the direction that the victim is facing

400

Demonstrate the firefighter carry

1. The victim is carried over one shoulder.
2. The rescuer's arm, on the side that the victim is being carried, is wrapped across the victim's legs and grasps the victim's opposite arm

500

Demonstrate the hammock carry

1. Reach under the victim and grasp one wrist on the opposite rescuer.
2. The rescuers on the ends will only be able to grasp one wrist on the opposite rescuer.
3. The rescuers with only one wrist grasped will use their free hands to support the victim's head and feet/legs.
4. The rescuers will then squat and lift the victim on the command of the person nearest the head, remembering to use proper lifting techniques.