At the scene of the accident
When approaching an accident victim, what is thing you should check about the scene?
Assess the area for safety concerns so you don't get injured. (Stop, take a second to look around)
Name 2 ways to prevent sunburn
2) cover exposed skin
What is first aid?
First aid is the first help given to the victim of an accident or other health emergency.
What is the treatment for hypothermia?
• Have the victim drink warm liquids
• Get the victim to shelter
• Have the victim change into warm dry clothes
• Apply bottles filled with warm fluid to the armpits and groin
• Monitor the victim, but do not move them
How should a tick be removed?
-Grasp the tick with a pair of tweezers
-Gently pull it until it comes loose
Name the things you should tell emergency services when calling for help.
-Location
-Description of injures or illness
-What time did the injury occur
-Any treatment which has already been administered.
-Number of people with the victim and their first aid skill level
-Any special equipment or assistance which might be needed
What first aid should you provide for a superficial burn (first degree)?
Soothe with Aloe Vera lotion or gel. Other options are emergency burn pads or a cool wet compress.
What item which every scout owns can be used to make a bandage?
A Neckerchief
What are the signs of dehydration?
1) extreme thirst
2) less frequent urination
3) Dark Colored Urine
4) Fatigue
5) Dizziness
6) confusion
How do you treat a bee or wasp sting?
-Scrape the stinger away with the edge of a knife
-Apply an ice pack to reduce pain and swelling
If the victim is not breathing, what should you check first?
Bonus: Do you know how?
If the victim is not breathing you must check if their airway is obstructed.
Bonus: Put your palm on the person's forehead and gently push down. Then with the other hand, gently lift the chin forward to open the airway. Check for normal breathing, taking no more than 10 seconds: Look for chest motion, listen for breath sounds, and feel for the person's breath on your cheek and ear.
Should you apply butter, creams, or ointments to a partial thickness burn (second degree)?
No. For Second-Degree Burns (Affecting Top 2 Layers of Skin) Dont't apply ice. It can lower body temperature and cause further pain and damage. Don't break blisters or apply butter or ointments, which can cause infection.
What are the three things first aid should do?
1) Stop life threatening dangers
2) protect the victim from further harm
3) get proper medical help for the victim
What is the first aid for frostbite?
• Get to shelter
• Warm the area with the palm of the hand or in an armpit
• Hold the area under warm water
• Cover the area with a warm, dry blanket
• Seek medical attention
What first aid should be provided for an animal bite?
-Scrub the Area with soap and water
-Cover the wound with a sterile pad
-Seek medical attention
If the person is not breathing and their airway is open, what should you do?
Rescue breathing, if it is working their chest should rise and fall. Make sure to use a protective barrier and stop when a medic tells you to or it becomes physically impossible.
What are the two signs of a full thickness burn (third degree)?
1) Skin burned away or charred
2) victim may not feel pain
Name 4 signs of shock (there are more than 4 but u only need to name 4)
Bonus: Do you know the easy way to remember how to treat shock?
1. Restlessness or irritability
2. A feeling of weakness
3. Confusion, fear, or dizziness
4. Moist, clammy, pale skin
5. Quick weak pulse
6. Shallow, rapid, irregular breathing
7. Nausea and vomiting
8. Extreme thirst
Bonus: Face is red, raise the head; Face is pale, raise the tail
1. Feeling cold and numb
2. Fatigue and anxiety
3. Uncontrollable shivering
4. Slurred speech
5. Confusion or irritability
6. Stumbling and falling down
7. Loss of consciousness
How do you treat a nonvenomous snakebite?
-Wash with soap and water
-Apply an antiseptic
What the four situations known as "hurry cases" which pose an immediate threat to the victim's life?
1) No heartbeat
2) Severe Bleeding
3) Stopped breathing
4) Ingested poison
Name the levels of burns and how you recognize which one is which.
1st: skin is red but not blistering or broken
2nd: skin is red and blistering
3rd: skin is burned or away or charred and nerve cells have been damaged (victim feels no pain)
4th: Both skin and underlying tissue are burned through
5th: skin and tissue and muscle are extremely burnt (not uncommon to see bone)
6th: Skin, muscle, and other tissue are burnt through. Bone is exposed and damaged (burnt/charred bone)
What are the five common signs of heart attack?
1) Uncomfortable pressure, squeezing, fullness, or pain, in the center of the chest.
2) unusual sweating
3) Nausea
4) shortness of breath
5) a feeling of weakness
How should heat exhaustion be treated?
• Have the victim lie down
• Remove excess clothing
• Apply wet, cool cloths
• Fan the victim
• Give the victim water to drink
• If they don't improve immediately, seek medical attention
• Seek medical attention as soon as possible
• Remove rings which might cause problems if swelling occurs
• Have the victim sit down and position the bitten part lower than the rest of their body.
• Treat for shock.
Never, and I mean never, suck the venom out of the wound. Sucking the venom out can cause both you and the victim damage and if you ingest the venom by accident you will only end up getting in the hospital yourself.