Wounds
Describe the Procedure to Care for Shallow External Bleeding.
What is...
1. PPE
2. Wash a shallow wound with soap and water, apply an antibiotic ointment, and bandage the wound.
What is the difference between Hypoglycemia vs Hyperglycemia?
What is...
Hyperglycemia = High Blood Sugar level
Hypoglycemia = Low Blood Sugar Level
What are 4 Different Types of Burns?
What is...
•Thermal (Heat)
•Chemical
•Electrical
•Radiation
What are the signs of Frostbite?
What is...
• Skin appears white, gray, and waxy
• Affected part is cold, painful, or becomes numb
What are examples of Ingested Poisons?
What is...
Pain medications such as acetaminophen (Tylenol®) and ibuprofen (Advil® or Motrin®)
Home cleaning products such as dishwashing liquids and drain openers
Personal care products such as hand sanitizer, shampoo, and nail polish
Laundry detergents
Pesticides
Plants
Alcohol and other drugs
Describe the Procedure for Deep External Bleeding.
What is...
1. PPE
2. Stop the bleeding by placing a dressing, over the wound and apply direct pressure with your gloved hand.
3. Use a roll of gauze to wrap a bandage in a spiral pattern over the entire dressing. The bandage should be snug but not too tight that it constricts all circulation.
4. If bleeding continues and the gauze becomes soaked, apply additional gauze and bandage over the first layer.
5. Call 9-1-1 if bleeding is severe or cannot be controlled.
What does the acronym F.A.S.T. Stand For and When is it Used?
What is...
To care for a stroke:
F = Facial droop
A = Arm weakness
S = Speech difficulty
T = Time of onset
What are the 3 Severities of Burns?
What is...
• First degree burns (Superficial) – Burns affecting the outer layers of skin. The skin is often red, swollen, and tender. Sunburn is a common example of a supericial burn.
• Second degree burns (Partial thickness) – Burns affecting deeper layers of skin. The skin is swollen, tender, and blisters varying in size form on the skin’s surface.
• Third degree burns (Full-thickness) – Burns affecting all layers of the skin and underlying fat. Nerves, blood vessels, and muscle can also be affected. The skin can appear charred, gray, waxy, or leathery. If nerve endings are damaged, the exact area of the full-thickness burn may be painless, but the victim will feel pain from the surrounding lesser damaged areas.
What is the Difference between Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke?
What is...
Heat exhaustion is a warning that the body is getting too warm and its’ ability to cool itself is starting to fail.
Heat Stroke occurs when the sweat mechanism of the body fails and the body becomes dangerously overheated.
What are examples of Inhaled Poisons?
What is...
Insecticides
Gasoline
Paint thinner
Insect repellent
What are 4 Out of 7 types of Open Wounds.
What is...
1. Abrasion
2. Incision
3. Laceration
4. Puncture
5. Avulsion
6. Amputation
7. Impaled object
What is...
Breathing difficulty
Sweating
Nausea or vomiting
Dizziness
Fatigue
How do you Care for a first Degree Burn?
What is...
Stop the burning process and reduce the pain by applying cool water for several minutes.
Once the burn cools, apply aloe vera gel or a skin moisturizer.
Control pain and swelling with an over-the-counter medication such as ibuprofen.
How do you care for a Guest who seems to suffer from Hypothermia?
What is...
Warm the victim gradually, replacing any wet, cold clothing with dry clothing and insulation, such as a blanket (Figure 11.3).
If the victim is alert, provide a sugary, non-caffeinated, non-alcoholic beverage to help increase the body temperature. Hot chocolate is fine, but mostly because of the sugar content, not the warmth of the beverage.
Call 9-1-1 if the victim’s condition does not improve.
How would you care for someone how inhaled poison?
What is...
Get the victim out of any toxic environment if it is safe for you to enter.
Check responsiveness and breathing.
Provide CPR if the victim is unresponsive and not breathing normally.
Call 9-1-1.
What are the 3 types of Bleeding?
What is...
1. Capillary bleeding - Minor bleeding where capillaries are damaged and blood oozes from a wound. This is often seen when the top layer of skin is damaged. This bleeding is easily controlled.
2. Venous bleeding – Steady blood low from veins that can be serious due to the volume of blood loss. This is often more difficult to control than capillary bleeding.
3. Arterial bleeding – Blood spurting from an artery with each heartbeat. Because it is under greater pressure arterial bleeding is the most serious, causing rapid blood loss that is harder to control than venous or capillary bleeding.
How would you care for a seizure?
What is...
1. Protect the victim from injury. Move any items away that might cause injury, such as sharp objects.
2. Roll the victim onto one side (recovery position) to help keep the airway clear.
3. Protect the head from injury if convulsions are present by placing a soft object, such as a folded towel, under the victim’s head.
4. Call 9-1-1.
How do you Care for a Second Degree Burn (<10% of the body)?
What is...
Stop the burning process and reduce the pain by applying cool water for several minutes. Cool water can stop the burning process and reduce pain.
Cover the burn with a nonstick dressing and bandage loosely, taking care not to apply pressure to any blisters.
Control pain and swelling with an over-the-counter medication such as ibuprofen.
Seek medical care.
How do you care for Heatstroke?
What is...
1. Rapidly cool the victim by any means possible. This can include immersing the victim up to the neck in cold water, such as in a bathtub or pool; or applying cold packs to large blood vessels located at the sides of neck, armpits, and groin.
2. Call 9-1-1
Describe the Signs of Alcohol Intoxication
What is...
the odor of alcohol
Slurred / slow / incomprehensible speech
Confusion
Dizziness / loss of consciousness
Slowed actions
Staggering gait / collapsing
Nausea or vomiting
How do you Care for an Impaled Object?
What is...
1. Place several rolls of gauze around the object to limit its movement. Bandage the rolls of gauze in place, taking care not to apply pressure that moves the object
2. Hold the object still until EMS personnel arrive and decide the best method of stabilizing the object and transportation.
How would you care for a heart attack?
What is...
1. Call 9-1-1.
2. Help the victim to rest in the most comfortable position.
3. If the victim has prescribed heart medication, such as nitroglycerin, assist with its use.
4. Provide one regular aspirin or 2 low dose aspirins if available, and if the victim is not allergic to aspirin and is not taking a blood thinner.
How do you care for Third Degree Burns (Second Degree burns that are >10% of the body)?
What is...
Stop the burning process and reduce pain by applying cool water.
Cover the burn with a cool, moist dressing and bandage loosely.
Care for shock
Call 9-1-1
How do you care for Heat Exhaustion?
What is...
1. Have the victim rest in a cool environment
2. Provide water or commercial sports drink if the victim is not nauseated
3. Cool the victim by spraying with water or applying water soaked towels.
4. Call 9-1-1 if the victim’s condition does not improve
What is the number for Poison Control?
What is...
800-222-1222