Basic First Aid
The first question you must ask before you respond to any first aid situation
A. Age of the injured or ill person
B. Safety of the scene
C. Nature of the injury
D. Time of the injury
What is B. Ensuring the safety of the scene is critical. Avoid making yourself another injured/ill person.
Treatment for a minor burn
A. Apply ice directly to the burn
B. Run the burn under cool water
C. Apply butter to the burn
D. Cover it with a thick cloth
What is B. Run the burn under cool water
The following are considered personal protective equipment?
A. Gloves
B. Mask
C. Eyeshield
D. All of the above
D Personal protective equipment is essential when responding to any first aid or emergency situation.
It is difficult to predict if the person will vomit, is bleeding, or is seriously injured.
The recommended way to remove a tick
A. Burn it off with a match
B. Pull it straight out with tweezers
C. Cover it with nail polish
D. Cut it out with a knife
What is B. Pull it straight out with tweezers
The two best ways to stop or slow the bleeding
A Press very firmly directly on the wound
B Put a dressing on the wound
C Raise the injured part (above their heart)
D Raise their legs. Apply dressing or other clean material
E Put them in the recovery position.
What is A Press very firmly directly on the wound
and C Raise the injured part (above their heart)
The correct technique for using an automated external defibrillator (AED)
A Apply the pads directly on the chest without removing clothing
B Place one pad on the chest and the other on the back
C Rub the pads together to warm them before applying
D Press the pads firmly on the bare chest as indicated by the AED
What is D Press the pads firmly on the bare chest as indicated by the AED
The critical life-saving technique used when the heart stops beating (cardiac arrest) or when someone stops breathing.
What is CPR - Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
The ‘normal’ number of breaths per minute for an adult
A. 20-40
B. 30-60
C. 8-10
D. 12-20
What is D. 12-20
The treatment for a nose bleed
A Use direct pressure, elevation and pressure points to control the bleeding
B Tilt the head back and tightly squeeze the nostrils
C Have the victim lean forward. Apply gentle pressure on the nostril. Apply cold towels.
D Lay the victim on his back and treat for shock. Apply heat if available
What is D Have the victim lean forward. Apply gentle pressure on the nostril. Apply cold towels.
Treatment is to move them to a cool place, remove excess clothing, and apply cool, wet towels or ice packs.
What is heatstroke?
RICE the mnemonic for treating soft tissue injuries like sprains, strains, and bruises
What is Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation
Rest: Avoid using the injured area to prevent further damage.
Ice: Apply ice packs wrapped in a cloth to reduce swelling and numb the area, typically for 20 minutes at a time.
Compression: Use an elastic bandage to apply gentle pressure, reducing swelling and providing support.
Elevation: Keep the injured area raised above heart level to minimize swelling.
Acronym used to recognize a stroke
What is FAST or BEFAST.
Both acronyms used to help people recognize stroke symptoms. BEFAST is an updated version of FAST that includes balance and eye changes
B – Balance
The person may suddenly have trouble with balance or coordination.
E – Eyes
They could experience sudden blurred, double or total loss of vision. This can happen in one or both eyes.
F – Face
Do you notice one side of their face drooping? Ask the person to smile.
A – Arms
Are they experiencing weakness in one arm? If they raise both arms, does one drift down?
S – Speech
Is speech slurred, are they unable to speak or are they hard to understand? Ask the person to repeat a short sentence like, “Remember the Alamo.” Do they repeat the sentence correctly?
T – Time to get help
If you notice any of these symptoms, call 911 and get the person to a hospital immediately.