How many hypothesis does Krashen's Monitor Model contain?
100
The first step in the development of language.
What is Babbling?
100
Spending time with, learning to understand, and adapting new customs into your old culture.
What is acculturation?
100
This country experiences monolingualism as a norm.
What is the United States?
100
Swaine argues that 2nd language learners have a need for this.
What is output?
200
One Hypothesis claims that people only acquire language "when they receive oral or written messages that they understand."
What is The Input Hypothesis?
200
Language always occurs in this context.
What is social context?
200
Individuals who continue to speak in only their own language and participate in only their own customs.
What is a failure to acculturate?
200
In Europe, rougly this percentage of people speak two or more languages.
What is 50%?
200
With just input we only are able to focus on this level of language.
What is the semantic level?
300
When the filter is up, input can't reach the parts of the brain where acquisition occurs.
What is Affective Filter Hypothesis?
300
According to Chompsky all children are born with this specialized area of the brain designed for language.
What is the Language Acquisition Devise? (LAD)
300
8
How many factors influence social distance according to Schumann?
300
This percentage of people are bilingual in the United States.
What is 17%?
300
Forcing 2nd language learners to output when they are still in early stages can lead to...
What are negative consequences?
400
Some aspects of language are picked up earlier than others, this is true with 1st and 2nd languages.
What is Natural Order Hypothesis?
400
"Bringed" would be an example of what kind of error?
What is an over-generalization of a rule.
400
When a newcomer is initially uncomfortable in the new culture because it is so different from their own, this also causes difficulty in learning the new language.
What is culture shock?
400
Regular contact with people who speak other languages and a need to communicate with them.
What are the keys to acquiring 2nd language?
400
The combination of input and output will lead to this
What is native-like proficiency?
500
This occurs naturally, subconsciously, for real purposes when learning language.
What is Acquisition?
500
At this stage/month children on average start to produce syllables with consonant-vowel structure.
What is 7-8 months?
500
A second factor besides social distance that individuals having difficulty learning the new language might experience.
What is psychological distance?
500
These scientists are concerned with how language is represented in the brain.
Who are neurolinguists?
500
This function occurs when learners reflect on the language they have learned, and are able to have more control and internalize linguistic knowledge.