HISTORY
Who proposed the concept of BIOGENESIS?
Rudolf Virchow
This are cold-loving bacteria
Psychrophiles
Known as the inavagination of the bacterial cell
mesosomes
Who first observed microorganisms?
Leeuwenhoek
A biological process that uses yeast to convert sugars into alcohol
Fermentation
This is a Jewish legend clay figure brought to life by magic.
Golam
What are the phases of bacterial growth cycle.
1.Lag phase
2.Log phase
3.Stationary phase
4.Death phase/ Period of Decline
What are the other names for peptidoglycan? (give 2)
Murein/ mucopeptide
Who is the author of the first illustrated book on microscopy?
Robert Hooke
Who is the father of Hand washing technique?
Ignaz Semmelweis
Enumerate 2 developments during the Golden age of Microbiology
-Fermentation
-Pasteurization
-Disinfection
-Vaccines
What are the factors affecting the efficiency of enzymes?
•Concentration of Substrate
•Concentration of Enzyme
•pH
•Temperature
Give 2 functions of the cytoplasmic membrane.
1.Active Transport
2. Energy generation
3. Synthesis for the precursors of the Cell Wall
4. Secretion of enzymes and toxins
This is the smallest distance by which two points can be separated and still be distinguished as separate objects.
Resolution
What are the 3 statements of cell theory?
§All organisms composed of one or more cells
§Cells are smallest living things
§Cells arise only from previously existing cells
Give two microorganisms discovered by Robert Koch
–Bacillus anthracis
–Vibrio cholerae
–Mycobacterium tuberculosis
What bacteria produces pseudomembranes?
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
Enumerate the reagents used in gram staining (in order)
Crystal violet, iodine, 95% alcohol, safranin
This microscope uses a steady current maintained between microscope probe and specimen.
Scanning tunneling microscope
What is the test used to identify encapsulated bacteria? state the principle
Neufeld Quellung reaction, ag-ab reaction
Explain the Koch's postulate
§Organism consistently isolated from diseased individuals
§Organism cultivated in pure form
§Signs and symptoms induced after inoculation
§Same organism isolated from experimentally infected individual
What bacteria cause the fried rice disease?
Bacillus cereus
What is the granule produce by Corynebacterium spp.
Babes-Ernst
This uses up and down movement of probe as it maintains constant distance is detected and used to create image.
Atomic force microscope
Give 3 microorganisms that can produced the enzyme IgA protease.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoniae