First Nations before European Settlers
How did we learn about First Nations Peoples histories?
What is oral traditions and artifacts.
Why did the Europeans originally sail to Canada?
What is to find a water route to Asia.
Why was fur in high demand in Europe.
What is for fashion.
Why did the French want to settle in Canada?
What is to gain wealth and power, as well as spread the Catholic faith.
Name 2 types of First Nations shelters.
Which explorer sailed to Canada, and claimed land calling it "New Founde Lande"?
What is John Cabot.
Where did the French set up their trading posts?
What is the St. Lawerence River.
What did children do in the Seigneurial System?
What is collect firewood, pulled weeds, and gathered berries from the forest. As they got older, boys worked with their fathers in the fields, and girls learned to cook and look after the house from their mothers.
What did the First Nations use natural resurces for?
What is transportation, clothing, food, tools, medicine, and shelter.
Name 3 reasons why Europeans were exploring other lands?
What is to gain land and power, resources and wealth, to spread the Christian religion, and curiosity.
What is the Europeans built trading posts along the water ways (St. Lawerence Rier and Hudson's Bay) and the First Nations would canoe to bring furs. The First Nations would trade furs for European goods such as knives, rifles, brandy, etc.
What are the 4 positions of the Sovereign Council?
What is Governor, Intendant, Bishops, and Councillors.
What was the role and responsibility of elders and women?
Elders taught traditions, how to respect life on Earth, and help with decision making. Women prepared food, harvested crops, and gathered food.
Name 2 benefits of contact between the First Nations and Europeans
What is exchange of goods, sharing knowledge, geographies, technologies, food and medicine.
The First Nations shared how to use the land and survive the winter in exchange or strong European goods.
How did the Hudson's Bay company develop?
What is the coureurs de bois notified the King of England there was a lot of furs in the Hudson's Bay area. He claimed the land and waterways leading into the bay and called it Rupert's Land.
How did Quebec come to be? How was this land used?
What is Samuel de Champlain built a fort on what is now Quebec. From here, he could work with the First Nations on the fur trade. It was near water, he could grow crops on this land, and was able to see enemy attacks coming.
How did First Nations interact with each other?
What is trade, conflict, and alliances.
They would trade items they could not find in their environment. There was conflict over hunting areas, trading partners, and competition over trading routes. 2 or more groups would form an alliance to keep the peace and allow trade to continue.
Name and describe the consequences of contact between the First Nations and European explorers.
What is different views of the land, taken to foreign lands, and communication. The First Nations did not believe you could claim land, but the Europeans did. The Europeans would take the First Nations back to their native country, but many would get sick and die. Since the First Nations and Europeans did not speak the same language, it made it very challenging to communicate.
Name and describe 2 consequences of the fur trade.
What is dependence of European goods, increased competition among First Nations groups, land gain and land loss, alliances and competitions, and diseases. The First Nations began focusing more time and effort on the fur trade, and less on traditional lifestyles. As the First Nations had not experienced European diseases before, many were getting sick and dying.
What is the Seigneurial System and how does it work.
The Seigneurial system is how land is divided. The King of France would give land to a nobel called a Seigneur. The Seigneur would divide the land out, and give it to the Habitants. The Habitants were to farm their lands, and work for the seigneur. If they did not do their work, the seigneur would revoke their land.