Reproduction
Most fish reproduce by laying eggs. What is this called?
Oviparous reproduction
What organ helps fish breathe?
Gills
Are frogs aquatic, terrestrial, or both?
Both (semi-aquatic)
Are fish vertebrates or invertebrates?
vertebrates
What global issue is killing amphibians?
Pollution / habitat loss / ...
What is the name for the process when fish release eggs and sperm into the water?
Spawning
What is the lateral line used for?
Detecting vibrations and movement in water
What kind of water do salmon migrate between?
Freshwater and saltwater
What class do frogs and toads belong to?
Amphibia
Are amphibians good bioindicators? Why?
Yes – sensitive skin shows ecosystem health
What do we call tiny fish right after they hatch?
Fry
What is the function of the swim bladder?
Buoyancy control
What adaptation allows amphibians to absorb water through their skin?
Permeable skin
Name one group of cartilaginous fish.
Sharks, rays
What does overfishing mean?
Catching fish faster than populations can recover
Amphibians need water for fertilisation. Why?
Their eggs lack shells and must stay moist / external fertilisation occurs in water
What do we call amphibian larvae?
Tadpoles (in frogs/toads)
Name one fish adapted to living in very cold water.
Trout, cod, salmon
Which class do newts belong to?
Amphibia
Give one reason wetlands are important.
Breeding grounds / water filtration / biodiversity
Name one amphibian species that shows parental care.
Midwife toad, poison dart frog, Surinam toad
What is the purpose of webbed feet in amphibians?
They help amphibians swim more efficiently.
What is aestivation in amphibians?
Dormancy in hot/dry conditions
Place these in order from largest to smallest: phylum, class, order, species.
Phylum → Class → Order → Species
Why are drag nets dangerous for fish and amphibians?
They destroy habitats, can catch too many animals at once, harm young and non-target species.