Category One
This structure is the boundary between the outer and middle ear.
What is the tympanic membrane?
This protective mechanism of the hearing system occurs in response to sounds of sufficient intensity.
What is the acoustic reflex?
These microscopic hair-like projections are located on top of hair cells.
What are Stereocilia?
This is responsible for drainage and pressure of the hearing mechanism.
What is the eustachian tube?
This is the 1st step in hearing.
What is the receipt of the acoustic energy (sound wave) into the external auditory meatus?
This is an age-related gradual loss of hearing in both ears.
What is presbycusis?
This is the conductor of acoustic waves at the entrance of the external auditory meatus.
What is the pinna?
The Organ of Corti is located here.
What is the scala media, on top of basilar membrane?
This inner ear structure is responsible for the sensation of hearing.
What is the Organ of Corti?
This is the 2nd step of hearing.
What is the vibration of the tympanic membrane triggering the movement of the ossicular chain, converting acoustic energy to mechanical energy?
The reduction of sound intensity as sound travels.
What is attenuation?
The responsibility(ies) of the vestibular branch of the VIII cranial nerve.
What are maintaining body balance and eye movements?
This type of measurement from pure tone audiometry is plotted on a graph.
What is hearing acuity which is graphed on an audiogram?
Vestibular disorders result in any combination of these four possible symptoms.
What is Vertigo, dizziness, loss of balance, nausea>
This is the 3rd step of hearing.
What is the matching of relatively low-impedance airborne sounds to the higher-impedance fluid of the inner ear converting mechanical to hydromechanical energy?
Damage to the VIII nerve or to the hair cells in the inner ear is known as this type of hearing loss.
What is sensorineural hearing loss?
The lowest frequencies are located in this portion of the cochlea.
What is the apex?
This is the evaluative purpose of tympanometry.
What is the energy transmission through the middle ear, and if the tympanic membrane is impacted, as shown on a tympanogram?
This is the 1st stop of a signal along the ascending auditory pathway once it leaves the cochlea, then proceeding both contra- and ipsilaterally.
What is the Cochlear nucleus (bilateral)?
This is the 4th step of hearing.
What is the stapes moving in and out of the oval window, converting mechanical energy to hydromechanical energy? This stimulates the movement of the perilymph of the Scala Vestibuli.
The Optimal hearing range in Hz for speech sounds in humans.
What is 1,000-4,000 Hz?
Sounds you hear at specific frequencies are organized in this manner in the cochlea.
What is a tonotopic arrangement?
The otolith organs, which respond to gravitational forces, are located in these structures.
What is the vestibule, the utricle and the saccule?
These are the main functions of the middle ear.
What are (1) the transmission of acoustic vibrations from the tympanic membrane to the cochlea, (2) the impedance matching between the air in the external auditory meatus and the labyrinthine fluids, (3) attenuation, the protection of the inner ear by means of the acoustic reflex (4) equalization of pressure via the eustachian tubes.
These are the 5th and 6th steps of hearing.
5: What is the up and down movement of hair cells, triggering the microscopic hair-like projections known as stereocilia to open? This causes a chemical rush to cells, creating an electrochemical signal and converting the hydromechanical energy to electrochemical energy.
6: What is the transmission of the signal from the cochlear branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve to the auditory cortex of the cerebrum via the auditory nerve CN VIII?