Hemisphere
This part of the brain is responsible for higher-level cognitive functions like reasoning, language, and voluntary movement.
What is the cerebrum?
The frontal lobe is primarily involved in this type of function.
What is motor planning and executive function?
These neurons carry motor commands from the brain to the spinal cord.
What are upper motor neurons?
The primary auditory cortex receives signals from this sensory organ.
What is the cochlea?
These protective layers surround the brain and spinal cord.
What are the meninges?
The cerebellum’s main function is to coordinate these two aspects of movement.
What are balance and motor coordination?
The temporal lobe houses the primary auditory cortex, also known as this area.
What is Heschl’s gyrus?
These neurons connect the spinal cord to the muscles.
What are lower motor neurons?
This area in the temporal lobe is crucial for understanding spoken language.
What is Wernicke’s Area?
The clear fluid that cushions the brain and spinal cord.
What is the CSF?
This structure acts as a bridge between the cerebrum and the spinal cord, controlling automatic functions like breathing and heart rate.
What is the brainstem?
The parietal lobe is important for processing this type of sensory information.
What is somatosensory information?
The pyramidal tract primarily controls this type of movement.
What is voluntary movement?
The arcuate fasciculus connects these two language regions.
What are Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas?
This system filters blood and delivers oxygen and nutrients to brain tissue.
What is the cerebrovascular system?
This hemisphere is usually dominant for language in most people.
What is the left hemisphere?
This lobe at the back of the brain processes visual input.
What is the occipital lobe?
The basal ganglia help regulate these two aspects of movement.
What are movement initiation and muscle tone?
The pathway that transmits auditory information from the cochlea to the cortex is known as this.
What is the central auditory pathway?
The thalamus serves as a relay center for nearly all sensory information except this sense.
What is smell?
The corpus callosum connects these two structures to allow communication between them.
What are the right and left cerebral hemispheres?
Damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus (Broca’s area) results in this type of aphasia.
What is Broca’s aphasia?
This motor pathway is essential for refined, smooth movements in speech production.
What is the extrapyramidal system?
Damage to this area can result in fluent but nonsensical speech and poor comprehension.
What is Wernicke’s aphasia?
Damage to this structure can disrupt both voluntary and involuntary aspects of speech, due to its role in coordination.
What is the cerebellum?