Stuttering or Not?
What are stutter-like secondary behaviors?
"Caaaaaaaaaaan I come too?"
What is prolongation?
probably neurophysiological (anomalies in left hemisphere) exacerbated by temperament and environment; onset usually between 2-5; frequency and severity variable from day to day; frequency is usually more than 3% syllables stuttered
What is childhood onset stuttering?
learned reactions or responses to the disorder.
What are secondary characteristics/behaviors?
F80.81
What is ICD code for childhood onset fluency disorder?
What are typical disfluencies?
"Can..............I come to?
What is block?
onset usually after childhood, following a neurological event; could be first sign of neuro problem; could be annoyed or frustrated, but not fearful or anxious about stuttering; stuttering on function as well as content words, not restricted to word-initial syllables, few/no secondary behaviors; adaptation effect absent, fluency-inducing conditions do not make major change
the intent of the speaker when they try to get out of being stuck on a word, with a physical movement. These can come in many forms such as eye blinking, foot stomping, and head turning etc.
What are escape behaviors?
working with your child to change how he speaks.
What is direct therapy?
What are stutter-like disfluencies?
"The b-b-b-baby is crying"
What is sound repetition?
usually after childhood, following prolonged stress or after a psychologically traumatic event; stuttering remains constant or increases while speaking under fluency-inducing conditions; may have unusual struggle behaviors; may show stereotyped pattern; level of concern is variable from indifferent to concerned
What is psychogenic stuttering?
when the speaker thinks he is going to get stuck and does something to prevent it from happening.
What are avoidance behaviors?
slowed rate, easy onset/light contact, continuous phonation
What are fluency shaping strategies?
What is typical disfluency?
"I think the bu-bu-bu-bunny is hungry"
What is syllable repetition?
may be present in preschool years, but often not dx until interferes with school/work performance; excess of normal disfluencies, intelligibility impacted, rapid bursts of speech, may sound 'mushy'; frequently unaware of problem except when others say they can't understand
What is cluttering?
includes attempting to change tense stutters into more relaxed ones
What is stuttering modification?
finding ways to make it easier for your child to talk. This may include slowing down your own speech and asking fewer questions.
What is indirect therapy?
"I um need to go home."
What is a typical disfluency?
"Can, can, can I come with you?"
What is word repetition?
little variability from a consistently high frequency of stuttering across speaking tasks, little/no adaptation effect, lack of consistency effect, direct and relaxed eye contact with listener regardless of severity of stuttered events; islands of fluency reported by listeners; maintenance of severe stuttering during enhanced fluency (automatic speech tasks, finger tapping while talking, prolonged speech, unison speech).
What is malingering?
the breakdowns in clarity that accompany a perceived rapid and/or irregular speech rate are often characterized by deletion and/or collapsing of syllables (e.g., "I wanwatevision") and/or omission of word endings (e.g., "Turn the televisoff").
What is Cluttering?
cancellation, pull-out/slides, preparatory set
What are stuttering modification strategies?