Dehydration
Fluid Balance
Lab Results
Patient Centered Care
Electrolytes
100

What is dehydration

What a lack of fluid in the body from insufficient intake or excessive loss

100

What is ICF and ECF

What is intracellular fluid and extracellular fluid


100

Sodium (Na)

What is 135 - 145 meq/L

100

What are nursing assessments for fluid volume

Daily weights (I&O), lab tests

cardio monitoring

respiratory monitoring

skin monitoring

patient safety

100

Whay is hyponatremia and how is it treated

What is a low level of sodium

it is treated by fluid restriction, diuretics, and hypertonic solution

200

What are common cause of dehydration

What perspiration, high fever, and diabetes insipidus

200

What is a hypertonic solution?

What is a solution that has higher osmolarity than serum


200

What does Calcium (Ca) do?

3 B's

What is Bone strength, blood clotting, beats/muscle-cardiac and skeletal

200

What nursing interventions should you do for a patient suffering from hypermagnesemia

What is .....

Avoid food/medication rich in Mg

increase diuretics to promote urinary excretion of Mg

Possible dialysis

Give calcium gluconate to oppose the effects of excess Mg on the heart muscle)

200

What is hyperphosphatemia and what causes it

What is elevated phosphate levels greater than 4.5mg/dL

caused by:

acute/chronic kidney injury

Excessive phosphate intake (use of phosphate containing laxatives/enemas

Shift from ICF to ECF (with rhabdomyolysis


300

weight gain, peripheral edema, JVD, bound pulse, increased BP, and polyuria are all manifestations of what?

What is  Hypervolemia

300

What is osmosis?

What is the process by which water molecules move through a selectively permeable membrane

300

Sodium (Na) works hand in hand with what other electrolyte?

What is Chloride

300

What nursing interventions are required for someone with hypercalcemia

What is 

monitor respirations, neuro, renal, GI status

stop medications and restrict CA intake

maintain adequate hydration

if severe, monitor cardiac status

administer isotonic solution

300

What is hypovolemia

fluid volume deficit, loss of both fluid and electrolytes

400

The average person's weight is how much water

What is one-half to two-thirds water

400

What is osmolality

What is Measures the concentration of molecules per weight of water

400

What does potassium (K) do?

What is 

Maintains hear and muscle contractions

Imbalance affects neuromuscular function

Kidneys are the primary route of K excretion

Diet is the main source of K intake

400

Patient has a contraction of a facial muscle in response to a light tap over the facial nerve

What is Chvostek's sign

400
What causes hypokalemia

What is 

kidney/renal loss, diuretics

low Mg levels

diarrhea, vomiting

too much water intake

prolonged use of IV fluids with out K supplement

500

What hormone does the pituitary gland secrete to stimulate the brain to tell the body it needs water

What is Vasopressin (the antidiuretic hormone)

500

Name 2 fluid imbalances that the nurse should be familiar with

What is...

Fluid volume deficit and fluid volume excess

500

Which electrolye has an inverse relationship with phosphorous?

What is Calcium

500

A patient who has a NG tube to low intermittent suction is at risk for

What is ...

hypovolemia due to excess fluid loss

500

What are the symptoms of hyperkalemia

What is 

muscle cramps 

increased deep tendon reflex

diarrhea and abdominal pain

increased and peaked T waves