Fluid Balance
Electrolytes
Acid-Base
Diseases/disorders
Hormone regulation
100

The average fluid intake for an adult

What is 2-3 L?

100

This electrolyte changes concentration with changes in water distribution

What is sodium?

100

This process allows for excretion of CO2 and water to regulate blood pH

What is breathing?

100

This imbalance will cause weight gain and distended neck veins

What is fluid volume excess?

100

This hormone is synthesized in the lungs and produces vasoconstriction, which helps to maintain blood pressure

What is angiotension II

200

A fluid that causes cells to swell

What is hypotonic?

200

This electrolyte requires vitamin D for best absorption

What is calcium?

200

This is a blood test that measures pH, pCO2 and bicarbonate levels

What is an arterial or venous blood gas? (ABG or VBG)

200

Number one cause of metabolic acidosis

What is diabetic ketoacidosis?

200

This hormone is produced in the kidneys and converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I

What is renin?

300

The process by which water moves across a semi permeable membrane

What is osmosis?

300

This electrolyte can get dangerously high with overuse of certain antacid medications

What is magnesium?

300

Acid-base imbalance that results from hypoventilation

What is respiratory acidosis?

300

This electrolyte is depleted in cases of loop diuretic use, diarrhea or NG suction. The normal range is 3.5 - 5 mEq/L.

What is potassium?

300

This hormone is synthesized in the adrenal glands and signals the kidneys to resorb more fluid back into circulation (causes fluid retention).

What is aldosterone?

400

One of two divisions of the extracellular fluid compartment

What are interstitial or intravascular fluids?

400

Alterations in this electrolyte can cause life threatening cardiac arrythmias

What is potassium?

400

The major buffer in the extracellular fluid compartment.

What is bicarbonate?

400

This electrolyte, found in dark leafy greens, can become dangerously high in end-stage renal disease, and causes bradycardia and hypotension.

What is magnesium?

400

This hormone triggers a rise in serum calcium

What is parathyroid hormone?

500

This is a substance such as albumin or another large protein, that maintains osmotic pressure in the vasculature

What is a colloid?

500

This electrolyte is inversely proportionate to calcium levels in a healthy individual

What is phosphate?

500

Normal blood pH

What is 7.35-7.45?

500

This electrolyte is poorly absorbed in acute pancreatitis. Low levels produce a positive Chvostek sign (twitching  of facial muscles when facial nerve is tapped)

What is calcium?

500

This disease can be caused by head trauma, and causes a deficit in antidiuretic hormone

What is diabetes insipidus?