This body organ is the primary regulator of sodium balance.
What is the kidneys?
100
This is the most common cause of hyperkalemia.
What is renal failure?
100
This acid base imbalance can cause a shift of potassium into cells in exhange for hydrogen, thus lowering the potassium in the ECF and causing symptomatic hypokalemia.
What is metabolic alkalosis?
100
In hypercalcemia, the patient must drink this amount of fluid to promote the renal exrection of calcium.
What is 3000 to 4000 ml?
100
This IVF is hypotonic initally and then becomes isotonic once the dextrose is metabolized by the body.
What is D5W?
200
The kidneys regulate the ECF concentration of sodium by excreting or retaining water under the influence of this hormone.
What is ADH (anti-diurectic hormone)?
200
Clinical manifestations result in cramping leg pain, followed by weakness or paralysis of skeletal muslces, and distubances in cardiac conduction.
What is hyperkalemia?
200
Hypokalemia is treated by 1. ___ and 2. ___
What is potassium chloride supplements and increasing dietary intake fo potassium?
200
Clinical signs of hypocalcemia includes these two signs of tetany.
What is Chvostek's sign and Trousseau's sign?
200
This type of IVF is used to expand the intravascular voluem and replace extracellualr fluid losses.
What is isotonic, NS, or LR?
300
Neurologic manifestations such as intense thirst, lethargy, agitation, seizures, and even coma.
What is symptoms of hypernatremia?
300
This treatment is done to force potassium from the ECF to the ICF.
What is insulin and glucose or what is sodium bicarbonate (if acidosis)?
300
The rate of IV administration of KCL should not exceeed ________ per hour and should be administered by infusion pump to ensure correct administration rate.
What is 10 to 20 mEq?
300
The major condition that leads to hyperphosphatemia is ___.
What is acute or chronic renal failure?
300
The role of this person with IV therapy includes 1. measure and record oral intake and output 2. report swelling or redness at IV site or patient complaints of discomfort at IV site.
What is the nursing assistive personnel?
400
Provide oral fluids, IV solution of D5W or hypotonic saline 0.45% NS.
What is nursing care or treatment for hypernatremia?
400
This medication can immediately reverse the membrane excitability of the elevated ECF potassium.
What is calcium gluconate intravenously?
400
ECG changes associated with hypokalemia.
What is flattening of the T wave and emergence of a U wave?
400
Phosphorus has an inverse relationship with this electrolye.
What is calcium?
400
This colloid solution is used to maintain volume and replace protein. This colloid solution can cause fluid overload and pulmonary edema.
What is Albumin?
500
Fluid restriction
What is nursing care or treatment for hyponatremia?
500
This EKG change is associated with hyperkalemia.
What is tall, peaked T wave?
500
A client who is taking digoxin (Lanoxin) and has hypokalemia is at risk for this problem or complication.
What is digoxin toxicity?
500
As levels of this electrolyte increase, deep tendon reflexes are lost, followed by somnolence, and then respiratory and cardiac arrest.
What is hypermagnesimia?
500
This hypertonic solution is commonly used for surgical clients to replace hypotonic fluid losses and provide calories.