Fluid Balance
The main intracellular fluid cation.
What is Potassium (K)?
A patient on furosemide is at risk for this electrolyte disturbance.
What is hypokalemia?
The primary cause of metabolic acidosis in a diabetic patient.
What is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Dry mucous membranes and concentrated urine indicate this.
What is dehydration?
A patient receiving diuretics should be monitored for this.
What is electrolyte imbalance, especially potassium loss?
A sign of fluid volume deficit that can be seen in skin assessment.
What is skin turgor?
This electrolyte affects muscle contraction and cardiac rhythm.
What is potassium (K+)?
Condition caused by hypoventilation leading to CO₂ retention.
What is respiratory acidosis?
Bounding pulse and crackles indicate what fluid status?
What is hypervolemia?
Nursing action to prevent fluid overload when giving IV fluids.
What is monitoring intake/output and daily weight?
A patient with heart failure gains 3 kg in 2 days. What does this indicate?
What is fluid retention or volume overload?
A patient with renal failure is found to have high potassium. Which foods should they avoid?
What are bananas, spinach, tomatoes, and salt substitutes?
This acid–base disorder results from prolonged vomiting or NG suction.
What is metabolic alkalosis?
Groans, bones, stones, psychiatric moans, and fatigue overtones can be characterized by this electrolyte abnormality.
What is hypercalcemia?
Nursing action for a patient with hyponatremia due to fluid overload.
What is fluid restriction?
What is hypovolemia?
Muscle twitching, tetany, and a positive Chvostek’s sign indicate this imbalance.
What is hypocalcemia?
This ABG shows pH 7.50, PaCO₂ 30, HCO₃⁻ 24.
What is respiratory alkalosis?
Confusion, seizures, and low serum sodium are symptoms of this condition.
What is hyponatremia?
Priority nursing intervention for hyperkalemia.
What is placing the patient on cardiac monitoring?
Which lab result would confirm dehydration?
What is increased H&H and BUN?
A cause of hypermagnesemia.
What is renal failure, excess magnesium antacids, or trauma?
A COPD patient with ABG pH 7.32, CO₂ 55, HCO₃⁻ 25 shows what?
What is respiratory acidosis?
Deep, rapid respirations (Kussmaul) indicate this imbalance.
What is metabolic acidosis?
Intervention for metabolic acidosis from DKA.
What is administer insulin and IV fluids?