Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Electrolytes

100

As levels of Phosphorus increase, levels of Calcium ______

Decrease

200

Chicken, fish, legumes, and eggs are high in:

Phosphorus

300

Intracellular electrolyte with extreme cardiac effects when imbalanced

Potassium

400

Normal range of Magnesium is...

1.8-3.0

500

The role of Parathyroid hormone is to:

Release calcium from bones to bloodstream

Electrolyte Imbalances

100

A patient has decreased deep tendon reflexes and weakness after corticosteroid use. You recognize they may have:

hypercalcemia

200

Hypoparathyroidism would have what effect on phosphorus?

Increase

Hyperphosphatemia

300

One sign of hypocalcemia and hyperphosphatemia is a bending of the wrist when occluding arteries in the arm. This is called:

Trousseau's Sign

400

You can treat hypermagnesemia with IV (electrolyte)

Calcium

500

Major ECG effects of hyperkalemia.

Peaked T-wave

Prolonged PR interval

Depressed ST segment

Fluid Imbalances

100

Which disorder causes very dilute and excess urine production, and can lead to dehydration

Diabetes Insipidus

200

Hypertonic solutions cause cells to:

Shrink

300

D5W is an example of what kind of IV solution?

Isotonic

400

Type of edema where plasma protein are present

Non-pitting

500

A patient presents with tachycardia, polyuria, and JVD. These are signs of:

Hypervolemia/Fluid volume excess

Stress and Homeostasis

100

RAAS has the effect on blood vessels of

Vasoconstriction

200

Which hormone results in the retention of water and salt, increasing BP

Aldosterone

300

Motivational stress is called ______

Eustress

400

The phase of GAS where the person experiences irritation and poor concentration as the body tries to adapt to higher stress levels

Resistance phase

500

Where does adrenocorticotropic hormone act in the body?

Adrenal Cortex

Acid-Base Imbalances

100

Increased CO2 results in _____ pH

decreased

200

pH: 7.31

CO2: 48 (range 35-45)

HCO3: 32 (range 22-26)

What is the acid/base imbalance? Is it fully, partially, or un-compensated?

Respiratory acidosis; partially compensated

300

In metabolic acidosis, one symptom is deep and rapid breathing, called:

Kussmaul's breathing

400

A patient is connected to NG suction and is experiencing hypoventilation and muscle cramps as a result. You are likely going to find which acid-base imbalance?

Metabolic alkalosis

500

pH: 7.55

CO2: 27 (range 35-45)

HCO3: 34 (range 22-26)

What is the acid base problem?

Mixed respiratory and metabolic alkalosis