Magnesium Imbalances
Magnesium balance is closely related to which other two electrolytes?
a. Potassium and phosphorus
b. Calcium and sodium
c. Sodium and phosphorus
d. Calcium and potassium
Hypophosphatemia is associated with which condition?
a. Malnourished state
b. Respiratory alkalosis
c. Hypocalcemia
d. Hyperthyroidism
a. Malnourished state
A patient is admitted with intravascular fluid deficit secondary to third spacing. The nurse would anticipate providing which type of IV fluid as the probable best choice for the patient?
a. A hypertonic solution
b. An isotonic solution
c. A hypotonic solution
d. A colloid solution
b. An isotonic solution
A patient requires IV potassium replacement therapy and has a peripheral IV line. The nurse would be confident to administer which order without further collaboration with the prescriber?
a. 10 mEq potassium IV push STAT
b. 20 mEq potassium per hour by continuous IV
c. 10 mEq potassium per hour by continuous IV
d. 80 mEq potassium IVPB every 6 hours
c. 10 mEq potassium per hour by continuous IV
A patient's serum potassium level is approaching 7 mmol/L. The nurse would be most concerned about changes in which body system?
a. Cardiovascular
b. Respiratory
c. Neurologic
d. Renal
a. Cardiovascular
The symptoms of hypomagnesemia reflect which alteration?
a. CNS hypoactivity
b. Fluid compartment shifts
c. Cardiac depressant effects
d. Neuromuscular and CNS hyperactivity
d. Neuromuscular and CNS hyperactivity
Severe hypophosphatemia is associated with which symptom?
a. Joint pain
b. Muscle cramping
c. Respiratory arrest
d. Peptic ulcer disease
c. Respiratory arrest
A patient is admitted with fluid volume excess. Which assessment findings would the nurse attribute to this problem? (SATA)
a. Shortness of breath
b. Orthopnea
c. 3+ pitting edema
d. Hypotension
e. Tachycardia
a. Shortness of breath
b. Orthopnea
c. 3+ pitting edema
Which assessment finding would the nurse evaluate as indicating successful treatment of the patient with fluid volume excess?
a. Lungs are clear to auscultation
b. Input exceeds output
c. Edema reamins at 2+
d. Weight gain of 1 kg in 24 hours
a. Lungs are clear to auscultation
A patient's electrolyte measurement reveals hypophosphatemia and hypocalcemia. To which patient situation would the nurse attribute those imbalances? (SATA)
a. The patient states, "Where am I? How did I get here?"
b. The patient's family reports marked increased in irritability over the last week
c. Paramedics report the patient had a seizure enroute to the hospital
d. The nursing home report states the patient had diarrhea for the last 3 days
e. The patient vomited soon after breakfast
a. The patient states, "Where am I? How did I get here?"
b. The patient's family reports marked increased in irritability over the last week
c. Paramedics report the patient had a seizure enroute to the hospital
Hypermagnesemia is associated with which symptom?
a. Tetany
b. Lethargy
c. Tremors
d. Positive Chvostek sign
b. Lethargy
The clinical picture of hyperphosphatemia frequently reflect which other electrolyte abnormality?
a. Hypermagnesemia
b. Hypochloremia
c. Hypernatremia
d. Hypocalcemia
d. Hypocalcemia
A client has a serum sodium of 128 mmol/L. The nurse should monitor this patient for which problem?
a. Hypertension
b. Tachycardia
c. Prolonged QT interval on ECG
d. Changes in muscle tone
d. Changes in muscle tone
A patient has hyperphosphatemia. The nurse looks for manifestations of which other electrolyte imbalance in this patient?
a. Hypokalemia
b. Hypocalcemia
c. Hypernatremia
d. Hypermagnesemia
b. Hypocalcemia
The patient has urine electrolytes ordered. The nurse should prepare for which procedure?
a. Obtaining a sterile voided specimen
b. Collecting urine for 24 hours
c. Catheterizing the client for sterile specimen
d. Obtaining a standard clean-catch specimen
b. Collecting urine for 24 hours
Magensium plays an active part in which physiologic functions? (SATA)
a. Sodium transport
b. Nerve cell conduction
c. Fluid regulation
d. Transference of energy
e. Potassium transport
a. Sodium transport
b. Nerve cell conduction
e. Potassium transport
Severe hyperphosphatemia is associated with which ECG change?
a. Tachycardia
b. Bradycardia
c. Flattened T waves
d. Widened QRS complex
a. Tachycardia
A patient's potassium is 3.3 mmol/L. The nurse should alert the technician monitoring the pt.'s ECG to be watchful for what changes? (SATA)
a. Inversion of the T wave
b. Development of a U wave
c. Depression of the ST segment
d. Prolongation of the PR interval
e. Absence of the P wave
a. Inversion of the T wave
b. Development of a U wave
c. Depression of the ST segment
A patient is severely dyspneic and is extremely weak. The physical exam reveals 3+ pitting generalized edema. This patient's edema is an example of fluid located in which space?
a. Intracellular
b. Intravascular
c. Interstitial
d. Transcellular
c. Interstitial
Which patient should the nurse most closely monitor for the development of hypermagnesemia?
a. Patient in renal failure
b. Patient with burns over 40% of their body
c. Patient taking digoxin
d. Patient with history of alcoholism
a. Patient in renal failure
A patient who has cirrhosis from chronic alcohol abuse present with a tightly distended abdomen and SOB. Assuming that this distention is from ascites, the nurse conducrts an assessment looking for which condition?
a. Third spacing
b. Heart failure
c. Edema
d. Peritonitis
a. Third spacing