Sodium
Potassium
Magnesium
Calcium
SIADH
Diabetes Insipidus
Fluid Volume Deficit
Fluid Volume Excess
100
A s/s of a sodium level of 118
What is a change on level of consciousness?
100
The diet recommendation for hyperkalemia.
What is to avoid high potassium foods such as bananas, oranges, tomatoes, potatoes, or leafy greens.
100
Hyporeflexia
What is a sign of magnesium toxicity or hypermagnesemia?
100
What is a positive trousseau's sign?
100
A lab that needs monitoring for SIADH.
What is a sodium level?
100
Three s/s of diabetes Insipidus
What are nocturia, polydipsia, and high serum osmolality?
100
Which one is experiencing FVD, a client taking in too much sodium, a client working outside for several hours, or a client taking long term steroids
What is a client working outside for several hours?
100
Most accurate way to assess fluid imbalances.
What is a daily weight?
200
What would be a concern with a client who has SOB, wt gain, & a productive cough?
What is hyponatremia?
200
The purpose of giving insulin for a high K+ level
What is insulin pushes K+ back into the cell.
200
Three causes of hypomagnesemia.
What are vomiting, diarrhea, and alcoholism
200
The reason for testing for a calcitonin (thyrocalcitonin) level.
For a client with hypercalcemia?
200
Furosemide adverse effect
What is hypokalemia?
200
Name two important nursing assessments
What are to monitor daily wts, I&Os, sodium levels, and urine specific gravity?
200
Describe the vital signs for FVD.
What are low BP, high HR, elevated temperature
200
Name two causes of FVO
What are CKI, CHF, too much IV fluids, prolonged steroid use, or hyperaldosteronism?
300
Name two causes of Hypernatremia
What are dehydration, diabetes insipidus, diet, IVF, heatstroke, burns, hyperventilation, or hyperaldosteronism?
300
Which should be addressed first a BP of 146/78, SOB, Temperature of 101.2, or K+ of 7.8
What is the K+ of 7.8?
300
Drug used for hypermagnesemia.
What is furosemide?
300
Cause of circumoral numbness & tetany (spasms)
What is hypocalcemia?
300
Three nursing intervention for SIADH
What are give furosemide, restrict oral intake, and place on strict I&Os.
300
Nursing evaluation for desmopressin.
What is a decreased urine output?
300
Name at least three s/s of FVD
What are wt loss, tenting, oliguria, flattened neck veins, thirst, confusion, dizziness, muscle cramps, or nausea?
300
Complication for fluid volume excess
What is pulmonary edema?
400
Name two causes for hyponatremia
What are SIADH, CHF, Diuretics, lithium, adrenal insufficiency, and GI losses
400
A drug that protects the heart from high K+ levels
What is calcium gluconate?
400
Three s/s of hypermagnesemia
What are lethargy, weakness and decreased deep tendon reflexes?
400
What would occur if phosphate enemas are abused?
What is hypocalcemia?
400
The nursing responsibility if client refuses fluid restriction
What is to educate and if still refuses then notify MD and give them fluids
400
An adverse effect of desmopressin
What is a headache?
400
Name three labs to monitor for FVD
What are hematocrit, serum osmolality, specific gravity, sodium levels, & BUN/Creatinine?
400
Four obvious s/s of fluid volume excess
What are bounding pulse, shallow respirations, distended neck veins (JVD), pitting edema?
500
Two labs to monitor for hyponatremia
What are a decreased osmolarity and low specific gravity?
500
The purpose of sodium polystyrene sulfonate
What is to decrease high potassium levels?
500
Name two causes for hypermagnesemia
What are DKA, CRF, and abuse of medications with magnesium?
500
Appropriate fluid for hypercalcemia.
What is 0.9% NS?
500
The s/s of a possible complication
What are headache, nausea and vomiting?
500
Name two causes of diabetes insipidus
What are tumors, trauma, pituitary or hypothalamus problems, surgery near hypothalamus or pituitary gland or drugs such as alcohol or steroids?
500
Type of fluid administered for FVD
What is isotonic fluids of 0.9%NS or LR possibly hypotonic 0.45%NS if severe FVD?
500
Name at least three findings that tell you the lungs have fluid in them.
What are SOB, dyspnea, crackles upon auscultation, positive chest x-ray for pulmonary edema?
600
S/S of hypernatremia
What are flushing, elevated temperature, edema thirsty, seizures, and muscle weakness
600
Name two causes for hyperkalemia
What are CRF, spironolactone, hypoaldosteronism, and tissue trauma?
600
Name two s/s of hypomagnesemia
What are increased DTRs, insomnia, dysrhythmias, dysphagia, and s/s of low calcium (T&C)?
600
Name two causes for hypercalcemia
What are malignancy, increased PTH, immobility, steroid use, thiazide diuretics, and calcium medications such as tums?
600
Name three s/s of SIADH
What are increased BP, wt gain, hyponatremia, low osmolality levels, high specific gravity, muscle cramps and weakness due to electrolyte imbalance, & brain swelling (ICP)
600
What is the treatment for diabetes Insipidus
What are hypotonic fluids, desmopressin, or surgery if due to a tumor?
600
Name four causes of FVD
What are vomiting, diarrhea, suctioning, fistulas, fever, excess sweating, burns, blood loss, third spacing, DI or uncontrolled DM?
600
Name at least three findings that the pressure is increasing in the brain.
What are lethargy, headache, N/V, seizures, or coma?