F & E Basics
This fluid is the same concentration of sodium as human blood
What is an isotonic fluid?
The normal range for sodium (Na)
What is 135 to 145 mEq/L
Nurses monitor this in patients with fluid imbalances
What is intake and output?
Some common signs of dehydration in infants
What are irritability and poor feeding?
The purpose of weighing the patient daily in fluid and electrolyte management
What is to monitor for changes in fluid balance?
A condition, in which there is an excess fluid volume
What is hypervolemia?
The normal range for serum calcium?
What is 9 to 11 mg/dL
The signs of low calcium levels in the body
What are muscle cramps, tingling sensations, and confusion?
The method commonly used to monitor fluid intake and output in infants
What is measuring diapers for urine output and tracking feeding amounts?
Methods to assess dehydration in a patient
What is checking for dry lips and skin?
A condition characterized by a decrease in extracellular fluid volume
What is hypovolemia?
The normal range for potassium?
What is 3.5-5.3 mEq/L
Symptoms of low magnesium levels
What are muscle cramps, tremors, and hyperactive reflexes?
The reason older adults are more prone to dehydration compared to younger adults
What is decreased thirst sensation and reduced kidney function?
A simple method for assessing hydration status in patients
What is observing skin turgor?
This electrolyte is the most abundant in the extracellular fluid and plays a vital role in maintaining osmotic pressure
What is sodium?
The normal range for magnesium (Mg)?
What is 1.5-2.5 mEq/L
Some signs of hypervolemia that can be observed during physical examination
What are distended neck veins, crackles in the lungs, and peripheral edema?
The reason pregnancy affects a woman's fluid balance
What is increased blood volume, impacting fluid retention?
An appropriate nursing action for a patient with hypocalcemia
What is administering calcium supplements?
An electrolyte that is primarily found in the intracellular fluid
What is potassium?
This electrolyte is essential for muscle function, including heart rhythm and nerve transmission.
What is potassium (K) in the body?
Some common symptoms of hypokalemia
What are muscle weakness, cramps, and cardiac arrhythmias?
The reason newborn infants are at greater risk of dehydration
What is their higher body surface area and increased respiratory rate?
The immediate nursing action during IV fluid administration when a patient develops crackles in the lungs
What is stopping the IV fluids and informing the healthcare provider?