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Define/Goals of Tx
Assessment Findings, Deficit or Excess
Assessment Findings, Deficit or Excess
Optimal levels for homeostance
Causation
100
Dehydration in which the body's fluid intake is not sufficient to meet the body's fluid intake
What is Fluid Volume Deficit
100
Thready, increased pulse rate; decreased blood pressure and postural hypotension; flat neck and hand veins in dependent positions; diminished peripheral pulses: check circulation
What is Cardiovascular findings in Fluid Volume Deficit
100
Increased motility
What is GI finding in Fluid Volume Excess
100
Sodium
135-145 mEq/L
100
Inadequate intake of fluids and solutes, fluid shifts between compartments, and excessive losses of isotonic body fluids
What are causes of Isotonic Dehydration
200
Fluid intake or fluid retention exceeds the body's fluid intake
What is Fluid Volume Excess
200
Increased Respiratory rate; shallow respirations; dyspnea; moist crackles on auscultation
What are Respiratory findings in Fluid Volume Excess
200
Pitting edema in dependent areas and pale skin, cool to touch
What is Integumentary findings in Fluid Volume Excess
200
Potassium
3.5-5.0 mEq/L
200
Excessive sodium ingestion, rapid infusion of hypertonic saline, excessive sodium bicarbonate therapy
What are causes of Hypertonic Overhydration
300
Liver enlargement and Ascites
What are findings presented in Isotonic overhydration
300
Dry and scaly skin; poor turgor, tenting present; dry and fissured mouth, paste-like coating present
What is Integumentary findings Fluid Volume Deficit
300
Chloride
What is 40-220 mEq/24 hr
300
Conditions that increase fluid loss such as excessive perspiration, hyperventilation, ketoacidosis, prolonged fevers, diarrhea, early stage renal failure and diabetes insipidus
What are causes of Hypertonic Dehydration
400
The goal of tx for Fluid Volume Excess
What is to restore fluid balance, correct electrolyte imbalances if present, and eliminate or control the underlying cause of the overload
400
Decreased Motility and diminished bowel sounds; constipation; thirst
What is GI Findings Fluid Volume Deficit
400
Polyuria, diarrhea, non-pitting edema, dysrhythmias, and projectile vomiting
What are findings associated with Hypotonic Overhydration
400
Calcium
8.5-10.2 mg/dL
400
Poorly controlled IV therapy, renal failure, long-term corticosteroid therapy
What are causes of isotonic overhydration
500
The goal of treatment for Fluid Volume Deficit
What is to restore fluid volume, replace electrolytes as needed and eliminate the cause of the fluid volume deficit
500
Altered level of consciousness, headache, visual disturbances, skeletal muscle weakness, and parethesias
What are Neuromuscular findings in Fluid Volume Excess
500
Bounding, increased pulse rate; peripheral pulses full; elevated blood pressure, decreased pulse pressure; elevated central venous pressure; distended neck and hand veins; engorged venous varicosities
What is Cardiovascular findings in Fluid Volume Excess
500
Magnesium
What is 1.6-2.6 mg/dL
500
Chronic illness, excessive fluid replacement, renal failure, and chronic malnutrition
What are causes of Hypotonic Dehyrdration