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Fluids and lytes
Heart Smart
Super Bugs
A&O ?
Potpourri
100
Based on the LP results, what is your diagnosis? RBCs NL, Lymphocytes HIGH, Glucose NL, Protein NL or HIGH
Aspetic/Viral menigitis
100
Name 3 causes of Atrial Fibrillation
CAD (ischemia), CHF, HTN, Valvular Disease, Pericarditis, Myocarditis PNA, PE, Lung Cancer Infection, Surgery, Alcohol, Thyrotoxicosis
100
List the 3 most common causes of bacterial meningitis in adults. What antibiotics would you start?
S pneumo, N meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae. Start Cetriaxone+Vanc
100
Name the condition: "stones, bones, abdominal groans, psychiatric overtones."
Hypercalcemia
100
Name the criteria to calculate CHADS2 score
CHF, HTN, Age > or = 75, DM, H/o stroke or TIA
200
Name 3 short-term treatments and 2 long-term treatments of hyperkalemia
Short-term: calcium gluconate, insulin (with glucose), albuterol; Long-term: diuretics, Kaexylate
200
Name the valvular lesion: Diastolic murmur along LUSB, radiating to apex, wide pulse pressure
Aortic Regurgitation
200
How do you diagnose SBP?
> 250 PMNs in ascites fluid
200
Name the condition: Urinary incontinence, dementia, gait disturbance "Weird, wet, wobbly"
Normal pressure hydrocephalus
200
What is Reynold's pentad and what condition is this associated with?
Fever, RUQ pain, jaundice, AMS, hypotension. Ascending cholangitis
300
In a patient with hyponatremia, what is the danger of correcting the serum sodium too quickly? What is the maximum rate of correction in 1 day?
Central pontine myelinolysis. Correct sodium at a max of 8-10 mmol/day
300
Name 2 EKG changes seen in acute pericarditis
Diffuse ST segment elevation and PR segment depression
300
Patients that are s/p splenectomy are at risk of infections with which 3 organisms?
S pneumo, N meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae
300
Name 3 ways to prevent delirium in elderly patients
No restraints/mobilize, d/c foley catheter, wear glasses/hearing aids/dentures, frequent reorientation, family members, sleep hygiene (windows, min disturbance at night)
300
Name 4 causes of acute pancreatitis
I GET SMASHED: Idiopathic, Gallstones, Ethanol, Trauma, Steroids, Mumps, Autoimmune, Scorpion bite, Hypertriglyceridemia/hypercalcemia, ERCP, Drugs
400
What labs do you check in Tumor Lysis Syndrome? What is the treatment?
Chem Panel (K, Phos, Cr, Ca), Uric Acid. Prevent and treat with IVF and allopurinol
400
Name 4 physical exam findings of infective endocarditis
Murmur, Osler nodes, Janeway lesions, Splinter hemorrhages, Roth spots
400
A patient's urine culture results show ESBL E coli, what antibiotic covers this?
Ertapenems (Carbapenems)
400
Name 2 electrolyte/metabolic abnormalities that can cause seizures
Hyponatremia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, uremia
400
SBP prophylactic antibiotics given to patients with UGB from varices
Ceftriaxone
500
A patient in DKA was on an insulin drip of 5 units/hr when the anion gap closed. Calculate the total daily dose of subcutaneous NPH insulin that should be started.
24 units BID NPH
500
What is electrical alternans? In what condition is this seen?
EKG: Beat to beat changes in QRS amplitude seen in cardiac tamponade
500
What are the HACEK organisms? What do they cause?
Haemophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikinella, Kingella. Endocarditis
500
How do you prevent precipitation of Wernicke's encephalopathy?
Give Thiamine (100mg IV) before glucose
500
What is the acid-base disorder and what is a possible cause? pH 7.53/ PCO2 32/ PO2 63/ HCO3 28
Respiratory Alkalosis: CNS disorders, hyperventilation, Asthma, PE, Pulmonary Edema, PNA, Anxiety, Sepsis, Pregnancy, Liver failure, hyperthyroidism