Amino Acids
What is the most abundant amino acid in the brain?
Glutamate
Name 3 neuropeptides
endorphins, substance p, enkephalins
What are the two kinds of Purines?
Exogenous and Endogenous
Medications administered intravenously are nearly __% bioavailable
100%
Pharmacodynamics refers to the drug's effect on the ____?
Body
What Amino Acid neurotransmitters are found at inhibitory synapses?
Glycine and GABA
What do endogenous opioids do?
Produce analgesia aka pain suppression
Is Adenosine excitatory or inhibitory?
What is a major site of drug metabolism
Liver
What hinders neurotransmitters by blocking its release?
Antagonist
This regulates rapid changes in fear arousal, such as anxiety, panic, and acute stress responses
GABA
The perception of pain
When awake, levels of _____ rise each hour.
Adenosine
A drug that becomes protein-bound and is so large it cannot exit the capillary is rendered ____?
Inactive
A drug that increases the availability or mimics the action of an endogenous NT
Agonist
This Amino Acid plays an important role in learning and memory
When produced from the CNS, Enkephalins do what?
Create opiate and analgesic effects
These purines are developed from external factors such as food
Exogenous
Medications that are chemically altered by liver enzymes results in the production of chemical by-products called ___?
Metabolites
Binding postsynaptic receptors without stimulating them
Antagonist
Deficiencies in this Amino Acid is related to Huntington's Disease, anxiety, and epilepsy
GABA
This is critical for regulation of affective behavior and neurochemical response to stress
Substance P
These Purines are found within cells of all living things to aid in energy transport
Adenosine Triphosphate
A client with kidney problems may accumulate more/less drugs in the body?
More
Methadone is an agonist or antagonist?
Agonist