Types of Diets
This type of diet is prescribed for patients with mild GI problems and instructs that chewy, stringy, and tough foods should be omitted
What is a soft diet?
Tube which is surgically inserted into the neck and extends to the stomach
What is an esophagostomy?
Method of providing energy and nutrients to the body by infusing them into a large-diameter vein such as the superior vena cava or subclavian vein
What is central parenteral nutrition (CPN) or total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
Predigested or hydrolyzed formulas (1 to 1.3 kcal/ml) composed of partially or fully hydrolyzed nutrients
What are elemental formulas?
A reaction caused by the release of histamine and serotonin soon after eating certain foods most often resulting in diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and pain
What is a true food allergy?
Type of diet in which broths, bouillon, apple juice and grape juice are allowed before/after surgery or to prepare bowel for diagnostic test
What is liquid diet?
Tube displacement, tube obstruction, pulmonary aspiration, and mucosal damage
What are mechanical complications of tube feeding?
Type of parenteral nutrition infused through a smaller peripheral vein (usually in the forearm)
What is peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN)?
Type of formula designed to meet kcal and protein demands in a reduced volume and have moderate to high osmolality (1.5 to 2 kcal/ml)
What are hypercaloric formulas?
The most important factors in the prevention of food poisoning
What are personal hygiene and hand washing?
A specific type of diet in which food consistency is altered to prevent aspiration and consists of 4 different levels. Level 4 is a return to the general diet
What is Dysphagia diets?
Hyperosmolar dehydration or overhydration, abnormal blood concentration levels of sodium, potassium, phosporus and magnesium, hyperglycemia, respiratory insufficiency and rapid weight gain
What are metabolic difficulties of tube feeding?
Test which must be performed prior to beginning parenteral nutrition infusion in order to validate placement of tube
What is a chest x-ray?
Single macronutrient formulas which are not nutritionally complete by themselves and are thus added to foods or other enteral products, altering composition in order to meet nutritional needs
What are modular formulas?
A nonallergic reaction that may be caused by toxins, drugs, or conditions such as lactose and gluten intolerances
What is a food intolerance?
Patients with poorly fitting dentures and a limited ability to swallow or chew should maintain this type of diet
What is mechanical soft diet?
Method of administration which delivers total quantity of formula needed over a 24 hour period in three to six equal feedings
What is intermittent infusion?
Solution which results from adding lipid emulsions to dextrose and amino acid mixtures, which allows lipid infusion over 24 hours, decreasing Co2 production and reducing hepatic accumulation of fat
What is a three-in-one mixture or total nutrient admixture (TNA)?
Type of specialty formula for critically ill patients which contains omega-3 fatty acids, borage oil, antioxidants and other additives
What are immune-enhancing formulas?
Western religion in which alcohol and caffeine are prohibited or strongly discouraged
What is the Church of Latter-Day Saints/Mormon?
A technique used to make foods appear more attractive and may use tools such as molds
What is component pureeing?
Corrective action for tube feeding complications resulting in diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, spasm/flatulence, and regurgitation/aspiration
What is reduce/check rate of administration?
The most common carbohydrate used in parenteral nutrition which yields 3.4 kcal/ml because of its hydrated form
What is dextrose monohydrate?
Formula designed to meet higher protein demands at usual or increased energy needs and have low to moderate osmolality
What are high-nitrogen lactose-free formulas?
An integrative medical practice in which both Western and traditional medical treatments help people take care of their own physical, psychological, and spiritual health
What is person-centered therapeutic process?