Foodborne Illness & Outbreaks
What type of bacteria was responsible for the Blue Bell fatalities?
Listeria
What minimum internal temperature should a whole pork chop reach?
145 F
How long should you wash your hands?
At least 20 seconds.
What federal law established requirements for humane slaughter of livestock?
Humane Slaughter Act.
Where is an epinephrine auto-injector typically administered?
The outer thigh.
Which restaurant chain had a major foodborne illness outbreak in 1993 linked to undercooked hamburgers?
Jack in the Box
What minimum internal temperature should ground turkey reach?
165 F
What appliance keeps food around 32 F and slows bacterial growth?
A freezer.
What 1906 law established federal inspection of meat products?
Meat Inspection Act.
What grain is commonly associated with gluten sensitivity?
Wheat.
Why can ground meat be more hazardous than an intact whole cut of meat?
It has more surface area and may combine meat from multiple animals/parts of a carcass.
Besides temperature, what visible change can help indicate that eggs or seafood are cooked?
A color change.
What appliance keeps food around 41 F and greatly slows or stops bacterial growth?
A fridge.
What famous book helped inspire the Meat Inspection Act of 1906?
The Jungle by Upton Sinclair.
Name four major food allergens from the list studied in this unit.
Fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat/gluten, milk/dairy, soy, or eggs.
What populations of people are more sensitive to food poisoning?
Young children, older adults, and immunocompromised people are more vulnerable.
Why are ground meats generally cooked to a higher temperature than whole cuts?
Grinding spreads surface bacteria throughout the product.
Give two methods for rapidly cooling hot food before refrigeration.
Ice bath, ice paddles, shallow/smaller containers, adding ice when appropriate, or a blast chiller.
What food-safety system identifies hazards and establishes critical control points to prevent them?
Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points.
What hormone/medication is delivered by auto-injector during a severe allergic reaction?
Epinephrine or adrenaline.
Name the three conditions represented by the 'TOM' portion of FAT TOM.
Time, Oxygen, and Moisture.
A food thermometer reads 130 F in the center of a food. Why might this be unsafe if the food is being held for a long period?
It may be in the temperature range where bacteria can grow; safe holding temperatures and time controls are important.
Why is controlling time and temperature important when handling food?
Bacteria can multiply rapidly when food remains in favorable temperatures for too long.
What was the major proposed action associated with Kevin's Law when unsafe meat was identified?
Allowing the government to shut down a plant under specified circumstances.
What is the name of a severe allergic reaction that can cause the airways to close?
Anaphylaxis.